Triple Surfactant Assisted Synthesis of Novel Core-Shell Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles with High Surface Area for Drug Delivery for Prostate Cancer

Abstract

Core-shell mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) have recently emerged as a promising drug delivery system that can be used for loading large quantities of different types of drugs or creating a stimuli responsive system. However, achieving this unique core-shell morphology with smaller size, high specific surface area, and large pore volume is highly challenging. In this study, we report the synthesis of core-shell MSN using a triple surfactant assisted soft-templating approach. We show that the size, morphological and textural properties of the core-shell structures can be easily modified by controlling the amount of fluorocarbon-4 surfactant. The optimised core shell MSN showed the highest surface area of 1496 m2/g that helped in achieving a high drug loading of model drugs doxorubicin (34%) or docetaxel (50%). The small size of core-shell MSN facilitated its rapid uptake within the PC-3 cells within 12 h. The cytotoxicity data using drug loaded MSN showed high cytotoxicity in both PC-3 and LNCaP cell lines suggesting that this versatile platform is efficient in delivering different drugs to various cell types. This unique triple surfactant assisted synthesis of core-shell MSN will open the door for multifaceted applications in imaging and drug delivery.

Emerging Multifunctional Carbon‐Nanomaterial‐Based Biosensors for Cancer Diagnosis

“…In Australia, prostate cancer stands as the third most common cause of death attributed to cancer and remains the second most prevalent disease among men. [19,20,22,172] It is classified as either acinar adenocarcinoma or ductal adenocarcinoma. Acinar adenocarcinoma originates from gland cells that line the prostate gland, whereas ductal adenocarcinoma tends to spread at a faster rate than acinar adenocarcinoma, which arises in cells lining the ducts of the prostate gland.…”

“…In this regard, early cancer detection becomes a life-saving support for patients to accelerate various treatment processes including nanodrug delivery. [4,[17][18][19][20][21][22][23] A sensitive and accurate cancer diagnosis is a highly efficient approach for enhancing their chances of survival, particularly in developing countries. [24][25][26] Conventional cancer diagnosis methods typically employ noninvasive nuclear-based imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computed tomography (CT), ultrasonography, positron emission tomography (PET), and single-photon emission computed tomography.…”

Confined Space Nanoarchitectonics for Dynamic Functions and Molecular Machines

“…For dynamic functional control by confined space at the material level, materials that encapsulate regular nanospaces are useful. For example, various mesoporous materials [267][268][269][270], layered compounds [271][272][273][274], metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) [275][276][277][278], covalent organic frameworks (COFs) [279][280][281][282], and related structures [283][284][285][286] are used to provide nanospaces in material systems. Some recent examples of such research are discussed below.…”

Surface Plasmonic Core–Shell Nanostructures in Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering and Photocatalysis

“…Core–shell structured nanoparticles are derivatives based on single-structured nanoparticles, and their properties could also be affected by artificial regulation to produce fascinating properties. − Generally speaking, the overall quality of nonmetallic core–shell nanostructures is relatively stable due to the characteristics of the material itself, such as core–shell nanostructures composed of silicon, iron oxide, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and other materials. − They are commonly used in related fields such as material modification, biomedicine, environmental applications, and electronic devices . The metal nanocore–shell structure often consists of a metal core covered by an outer shell layer.…”