Triple signal amplification using gold nanoparticles, bienzyme and platinum nanoparticles functionalized graphene as enhancers for simultaneous multiple electrochemical immunoassay

Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance as a Biosensing Platform for Developing Countries

“…As previously mentioned, a significant advancement of LSPR technology could be achieved by exploring its combination with other transduction techniques to offer simultaneous sensing methods on the same substrate; for instance, where gold nanostructures have been used as labels to identify analyte of interest or to amplify the signals [ 70 , 71 ] or through the use of complementary techniques, like chemiluminescence and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Such an integration could be used to validate and increase the confidence of measurements.…”

Carbon Nanostructures for Tagging in Electrochemical Biosensing: A Review

“…DPV responses of these electroactive labels were used for the sensitive and selective electrochemical detection providing LODs of 0.05 and 0.1 ng·mL −1 for AFP and CEA determination, respectively [60]. Similarly, Jia et al [61] developed another configuration for the same markers. In this case, graphene was modified with platinum nanoparticles and the enzymes GOx and HRP, whereas thionine and Fc were used to label anti-CEA and anti-AFP Ab 2 , respectively.…”

“…ZNORs provided abundant sites for capture probes binding and, furthermore, rGO/Ag@BSA composites, combining the large surface area of rGO and high catalytic activity of Ag@BSA nanoparticles toward H2O2 reduction, were excellent signal labels for response amplification. The current generated from the reduction of H2O2 and further amplified by signal labels-promoted deposition of silver, making possible the simultaneous determination of the three markers without cross-reactivity and a suitable sensitivity, with LOD values of 0.0007 milliinternational units mIU·mL −1 (CEA), 0.35 pg·mL −1 (PSA), and 0.33 pg·mL −1 (hGH), and allowed the successful application of the immunosensor to clinical samples [61]. Dual functionalized graphene sheets integrated with redox probes were also utilized for the construction of an amperometric immunosensor for simultaneous detection of other three analytes, AFP, CEA, and Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2).…”

Design of immunoprobes for electrochemical multiplexed tumor marker detection

“…HRP-hollow Pt nanoparticles CEA: 50.0 AFP: 80.0 CEA: 0.5-50 AFP: 0.3-45 [52] HRP and GOD/graphene-Pt CEA: 1.64 AFP: 1.33 CEA: 0.01-100 AFP: 0.01-100 [53] AuNPs CEA: 4.6 AFP: 3.1 CEA: 0.01-50 AFP: 0.01-50 [55] Hollow gold nanosphere CEA: 1.0 AFP: 1.0 CEA: 0.01-80 AFP: 0.01-200 [56] Platinum porous nanoparticles CEA: 2.0 AFP: 50.0 CEA: 0.05-200 AFP: 0.05-200 [57] PtPd nanocage CEA: 1.4 AFP: 1.0 CEA: 0.05-200 AFP: 0.03-100 [58] Redox probe modified rGO CEA: 3.0 AFP: 2.0 CEA: 0.01-100 AFP: 0.01-100 [61] Cyclodextrin-modified graphene CEA: 0.5 AFP: 0.8 CEA: 0.003-40 AFP: 0.001-60 [62] Onion-like mesoporous graphene PSA: 3.4 fPSA: 6.7 PSA: 0.02-10 fPSA: 0.01-50 [63] AuNPs-carbon nanotubes AFP: 8. prepared by large number of HRP-and GOD-loaded graphene-platinum nanocomposites as immunoprobe carrier [53]. The sensitivity of immunosensor was greatly amplified because of excellent catalytic performance to glucose and H 2 O 2 .…”