Triple-cation low-bandgap perovskite thin-films for high-efficiency four-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells

Moghadamzadeh, Somayeh; Hossain, Ihteaz M.; Duong, The; Gharibzadeh, Saba; Abzieher, Tobias; Pham, H.T.M.; Hu, Hang; Faßl, Paul; Lemmer, Uli; Nejand, Bahram Abdollahi; Paetzold, Ulrich W.

doi:10.1039/d0ta07005j

Cited by 26 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 79 publications

(104 reference statements)

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“…The perovskite has a composition of Cs 0.025 (FA 0.8 MA 0.2 ) 0.975 Sn 0.5 Pb 0.5 I 3 (referred to as CsFAMAPbSnI, E g = 1.26 eV, Cs: cesium; FA: formamidinium; MA: methylammonium). The concentration of 2.5% Cs optimized in our previous work [ 41 ] improves operational photo‐stability for the NBG PSCs. We processed p‐i‐n planar PSCs in the layer sequence glass/indium tin oxide (ITO)/poly[bis(4‐phenyl)(2,4,6‐trimethylphenyl)amine] (PTAA)/CsFAMAPbSnI/interlayers/C 60 /2,9‐dimethyl‐4,7‐diphenyl‐1,10‐phenanthroline (BCP)/silver (Ag) ( Figure a), with PCBM, IPB, or IPH fullerene‐derivative interlayers (see Figure S1, Supporting Information for their chemical structures).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sn‐Pb Mixed Perovskites with Fullerene‐Derivative Interlayers for Efficient Four‐Terminal All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Moghadamzadeh

Azmi

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Interfacial engineering is the key to high‐performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). While a wide range of fullerene interlayers are investigated for Pb‐based counterparts with a bandgap of >1.5 eV, the role of fullerene interlayers is barely investigated in Sn‐Pb mixed narrow‐bandgap (NBG) PSCs. In this work, two novel solution‐processed fullerene derivatives are investigated, namely indene‐C60‐propionic acid butyl ester and indene‐C60‐propionic acid hexyl ester (IPH), as the interlayers in NBG PSCs. It is found that the devices with IPH‐interlayer show the highest performance with a remarkable short‐circuit current density of 30.7 mA cm−2 and a low deficit in open‐circuit voltage. The reduction in voltage deficit down to 0.43 V is attributed to reduced non‐radiative recombination that the authors attribute to two aspects: 1) a higher conduction band offset of ≈0.2 eV (>0 eV) that hampers charge‐carrier‐back‐transfer recombination; 2) a decrease in trap density at the perovskite/interlayer/C60 interfaces that results in reduced trap‐assisted recombination. In addition, incorporating the IPH interlayer enhances charge extraction within the devices that results in considerable enhancement in short‐circuit current density. Using a NBG device with an IPH interlayer, a respectable power conversion efficiency of 24.8% is demonstrated in a four‐terminal all‐perovskite tandem solar cell.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sn‐Pb Mixed Perovskites with Fullerene‐Derivative Interlayers for Efficient Four‐Terminal All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Moghadamzadeh

Azmi

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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“…The current state of the art in the literature provides an abundance of articles that likewise report an EQE max ≥ 95% (Figure 1c) almost exclusively located inside a very narrow spectral region between 400 and 500 nm (Figure 1d). [1,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] DOI: 10.1002/solr.202100371…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a) Layer sequence of a bottom-illuminated perovskite solar cell that was used as an example in this study. b) EQE spectrum of the respective cell with the maximum EQE marked with a red arrow, c) radial diagram of maximum EQE values of high efficiency cells taken from the literature [1,[7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] and this work, and d) the respective wavelengths λ max EQE .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Optical Origin of Near‐Unity External Quantum Efficiencies in Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2021

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With the emergence of highly efficient perovskite solar cells in both single‐ and multijunction architectures, there is an abundance of reports of extremely high external quantum efficiencies (EQE) up to 98%. Typically, the spectral maximum of the EQE is found in the range between 400 and 500 nm, which is even more surprising, as the transmittance of typically used indium tin oxide (ITO)/glass substrates does not exceed 90% in this wavelength range. Herein, the root cause of the high EQE values by a combination of experimental data and optical simulations is analyzed and explained. It is shown that the high refractive index of the perovskite absorber is strongly increasing the transmittance of incident light into the active perovskite layer, while the spectral distribution and ultimately the spectral position of the peak in the transmittance spectrum are strongly affected by the thickness and optical properties of the underlying transparent electrode.

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“…In contrast, there are less number of options available for low bandgap perovskites for a bottom cell. Tin (Sn)-based and mixed-cation perovskites show bandgaps in the range 0.9 eV to 1.3 eV [20,40,100]. Therefore, Sn-based perovskites have potential application in all-perovskite tandem photovoltaics.…”

Section: No Trap-assisted Recombination Lossesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although any bandgap combination can be used in a 4T tandem configuration, it is required to optimize subcell bandgaps and thicknesses to fully utilize the solar spectrum. Some of the bandgap combinations have already been used experimentally to demonstrate 4T perovskite tandem cells [30,32,[39][40][41], but the reported efficiencies are still far from the possible theoretical limit of about 45% [34,42]. Various loss mechanisms hampering the tandem cell efficiency still remain unexplored.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Device simulation of all-perovskite four-terminal tandem solar cells: towards 33% efficiency

Singh

Gagliardi

2021

EPJ Photovolt.

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Inorganic–organic hybrid perovskites offer wide optical absorption, long charge carrier diffusion length, and high optical-to-electrical conversion, enabling more than 25% efficiency of single-junction perovskite solar cells. All-perovskite four-terminal (4T) tandem solar cells have gained great attention because of solution-processability and potentially high efficiency without a need for current-matching between subcells. To make the best use of a tandem architecture, the subcell bandgaps and thicknesses must be optimized. This study presents a drift-diffusion simulation model to find optimum device parameters for a 4T tandem cell exceeding 33% of efficiency. Optimized subcell bandgaps and thicknesses, contact workfunctions, charge transport layer doping and perovskite surface modification are investigated for all-perovskite 4T tandem solar cells. Also, using real material and device parameters, the impact of bulk and interface traps is investigated. It is observed that, despite high recombination losses, the 4T device can achieve very high efficiencies for a broad range of bandgap combinations. We obtained the best efficiency for top and bottom cell bandgaps close to 1.55 eV and 0.9 eV, respectively. The optimum thickness of the top and bottom cells are found to be about 250 nm and 450 nm, respectively. Furthermore, we investigated that doping in the hole transport layers in both the subcells can significantly improve tandem cell efficiency. The present study will provide the experimentalists an optimum device with optimized bandgaps, thicknesses, contact workfunctions, perovskite surface modification and doping in subcells, enabling high-efficiency all-perovskite 4T tandem solar cells.

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Triple-cation low-bandgap perovskite thin-films for high-efficiency four-terminal all-perovskite tandem solar cells

Abstract: Incorporating 2.5% Cs in FA0.8MA0.2Sn0.5Pb0.5I3 improves the photo-stability of the low-bandgap perovskite solar cells. The champion device with power conversion efficiency of 18.9% maintain 92% of its initial efficiency after 120 min MPP tracking.

Cited by 26 publications

References 79 publications

Sn‐Pb Mixed Perovskites with Fullerene‐Derivative Interlayers for Efficient Four‐Terminal All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

Sn‐Pb Mixed Perovskites with Fullerene‐Derivative Interlayers for Efficient Four‐Terminal All‐Perovskite Tandem Solar Cells

The Optical Origin of Near‐Unity External Quantum Efficiencies in Perovskite Solar Cells

Device simulation of all-perovskite four-terminal tandem solar cells: towards 33% efficiency

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