Triphenylphosphonium conjugated gold nanotriangles impact Pi3K/AKT pathway in breast cancer cells: a photodynamic therapy approach

Abstract

Although gold nanoparticles based photodynamic therapy (PDT) were reported to improve efficacy and specificity, the impact of surface charge in targeting cancer is still a challenge. Herein, we report gold nanotriangles (AuNTs) tuned with anionic and cationic surface charge conjugating triphenylphosphonium (TPP) targeting breast cancer cells with 5-aminoleuvinic acid (5-ALA) based PDT, in vitro. Optimized surface charge of AuNTs with and without TPP kill breast cancer cells. By combining, 5-ALA and PDT, the surface charge augmented AuNTs deliver improved cellular toxicity as revealed by MTT, fluorescent probes and flow cytometry. Further, the 5-ALA and PDT treatment in the presence of AuNTs impairs cell survival Pi3K/AKT signaling pathway causing mitochondrial dependent apoptosis. The cumulative findings demonstrate that, cationic AuNTs with TPP excel selective targeting of breast cancer cells in the presence of 5-ALA and PDT.

Functionalized single‐walled carbon nanotubes electrochemical aptasensor for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) breast cancer detection

“…Remarkably, the half‐maximum inhibitory concentration (IC 50) of SWCNTs was determined to be 1.07 μg/mL after 24 h. Although the mechanism behind the solid antiproliferative activity of SWCNTs against breast cancer cells is not entirely understood, this effect has been seen. According to studies, bioactive compounds may be responsible for imparting anticancer capabilities to SWCNTs 24,25 …”

“…According to studies, bioactive compounds may be responsible for imparting anticancer capabilities to SWCNTs. 24,25…”

A comprehensive review on singlet oxygen generation in nanomaterials and conjugated polymers for photodynamic therapy in the treatment of cancer

“…The created gold nanoconjugate system, according to the author, is an effective anti-cancer medication that targets mitochondria and causes cellular apoptosis in breast cancer. 145…”

“…The created gold nanoconjugate system, according to the author, is an effective anti-cancer medication that targets mitochondria and causes cellular apoptosis in breast cancer. 145 A unique triarylamine (TPA)-modified hemithioindigo (HTI)-based aggregation-induced emission (AIE) photosensitizer, 6Br-HTI-TPA-OMe, was successfully developed by Wang et al, who found that reversible control over 1 O 2 generation was possible due to the covalent link between the triarylamine AIE photosensitizing moiety and the HTI switch unit. The nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized from amphiphilic phospholipids also displayed photochromic activity in water.…”