“…Yu and Zhu et al. reported a series of complexes with triazole rings condensed at the benzene ring of the C part of piq ( Yu et al., 2016 , 2019 , 2020 ), such as complex 30. Generally, the triazole is an isoelectronic species with the thiadiazole ring.…”
Section: Molecular Designs For Nir-emitting Ir(iii) Complexesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to improving solubility, the side effect of flexible chains with the nonradiative loss is also suppressed. Moreover, the TPA group was frequently used to improve the hole transporting ability of complexes and their performances in OLED devices ( Yu et al., 2016 , 2019 , 2020 ). Figure 8 Representative NIR-emitting Ir(III) complexes with aromatic substitutions and aromatic substitutions combined with flexible chains …”
Section: Molecular Designs For Nir-emitting Ir(iii) Complexesmentioning
Summary
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become popular displays from small screens of wearables to large screens of televisions. In those active-matrix OLED displays, phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes serve as the indispensable green and red emitters because of their high luminous efficiency, excellent color tunability, and high durability. However, in contrast to their brilliant success in the visible region, iridium complexes are still underperforming in the near-infrared (NIR) region, particular in poor luminous efficiency according to the energy gap law. In this review, we first recall the basic theory of phosphorescent iridium complexes and explore their full potential for NIR emission. Next, the recent advances in NIR-emitting iridium complexes are summarized by highlighting design strategies and the structure-properties relationship. Some important implications for controlling photophysical properties are revealed. Moreover, as promising applications, NIR-OLEDs and bio-imaging based on NIR Ir(III) complexes are also presented. Finally, challenges and opportunities for NIR-emitting iridium complexes are envisioned.
“…Yu and Zhu et al. reported a series of complexes with triazole rings condensed at the benzene ring of the C part of piq ( Yu et al., 2016 , 2019 , 2020 ), such as complex 30. Generally, the triazole is an isoelectronic species with the thiadiazole ring.…”
Section: Molecular Designs For Nir-emitting Ir(iii) Complexesmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In addition to improving solubility, the side effect of flexible chains with the nonradiative loss is also suppressed. Moreover, the TPA group was frequently used to improve the hole transporting ability of complexes and their performances in OLED devices ( Yu et al., 2016 , 2019 , 2020 ). Figure 8 Representative NIR-emitting Ir(III) complexes with aromatic substitutions and aromatic substitutions combined with flexible chains …”
Section: Molecular Designs For Nir-emitting Ir(iii) Complexesmentioning
Summary
Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) have become popular displays from small screens of wearables to large screens of televisions. In those active-matrix OLED displays, phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes serve as the indispensable green and red emitters because of their high luminous efficiency, excellent color tunability, and high durability. However, in contrast to their brilliant success in the visible region, iridium complexes are still underperforming in the near-infrared (NIR) region, particular in poor luminous efficiency according to the energy gap law. In this review, we first recall the basic theory of phosphorescent iridium complexes and explore their full potential for NIR emission. Next, the recent advances in NIR-emitting iridium complexes are summarized by highlighting design strategies and the structure-properties relationship. Some important implications for controlling photophysical properties are revealed. Moreover, as promising applications, NIR-OLEDs and bio-imaging based on NIR Ir(III) complexes are also presented. Finally, challenges and opportunities for NIR-emitting iridium complexes are envisioned.
“…Luminescent heavy-metal complexes showed some favorable photophysical characteristics for sensing and bioimaging applications, such as a large Stokes shift and long emission lifetime, which are very helpful for eliminating autofluorescence in complicated biological and environmental samples [64,65,66,67,68,69,70]. Lu et al presented a cyclometalated iridium-based phosphorescent probe ( 11 ) (Figure 5) for sensing PhSH [71].…”
Section: Probes Based On 24-dinitrobenzenesulfonic Amidementioning
Thiophenol (PhSH) belongs to a class of highly reactive and toxic aromatic thiols with widespread applications in the chemical industry for preparing pesticides, polymers, and pharmaceuticals. In this review, we comprehensively summarize recent progress in the development of fluorescent probes for detecting and imaging PhSH. These probes are classified according to recognition moieties and are detailed on the basis of their structures and sensing performances. In addition, prospects for future research are also discussed.
“…Although the isoquinoline ring is known as an important structural motif in the alkaloids which have a wide range of biological activities in pharmaceutical chemistry, some isoquinoline derivatives have also been found to be widely used in the fields of fluorescent materials, such as fluorescent sensors, organic light‐emitting diodes, and molecular logic gates . Even so, compared with the quinoline unit, the isoquinoline unit is more used to construct various metal complexes emitters and pure organic isoquinoline fluorescent molecules are rarely reported . Furthermore, the isoquinoline derivatives often exhibit strong fluorescence in dilute solutions but emit dimly or even no fluorescence in the solid state because of the aggregation‐caused quenching effect caused by the rigid and planar isoquinoline ring .…”
Although isoquinoline is a good traditional fluorescent structural unit, most of its derivatives emit fluorescence in solution and a few of them can emit solidstate fluorescence as well. Herein, a series of multisubstituted 1-aminoisoquinoline derivatives were synthesized by a simple reaction of a readily available 4H-pyran derivative and secondary amines. The reaction had advantages of metalfree, mild conditions, simple operation, and good yields, which was realized by a ring-opening and sequential ringclosing mechanism. These 1-aminoisoquinoline derivatives were found to exhibit interesting dual-state emissions. In the solution, they emitted strong blue fluorescence at about 458 nm. In the solid state, they emitted solid-state blue fluorescence at 444-468 nm with high fluorescence quantum yields of 40.3-98.1%. Crystal structural analyses indicated that solid-state emissions of these compounds originated from twisted molecular conformations and the resultant loose stacking arrangements. Furthermore, their solid-state fluorescence wavelengths were demonstrated to depend on molecular conformations rather than stacking arrangements. The discovery of these 1-aminoisoquinolines with multiple reaction sites provides new possibilities for the development of solid-state fluorescent materials based on the traditional isoquinoline skeleton.
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