Trikatu, a herbal compound mitigates the biochemical and immunological complications in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats

Murunikkara, Vachana; Rasool, Mahaboobkhan

doi:10.1111/1756-185x.12535

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The observed lipid profile is in accordance with previous studies on AIA rats, as well as in RA patients (Hendawy et al 2015 ; Murunikkara and Rasool 2017 ; Curtis et al 2012 ). Although conflicting results were reported for TC and LDL-C levels across the time course of the RA disease, cardioprotective HDL-C is of particular interest in the context of active inflammation, as its levels dramatically fall and are persistently low, to a far greater extent than the changes seen in other lipid components.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Although conflicting results were reported for TC and LDL-C levels across the time course of the RA disease, cardioprotective HDL-C is of particular interest in the context of active inflammation, as its levels dramatically fall and are persistently low, to a far greater extent than the changes seen in other lipid components. Several studies have confirmed an inverse correlation between inflammatory markers, such as CRP and HDL-C (Murunikkara and Rasool 2017). Others reported that RA leads to a more atherogenic lipid profile in the form of increased atherogenic index 'TC/HDL and LDL/ HDL ratios' that constitutes an important CVD prognostic marker (Parveen et al 2016;Popa et al 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Methotrexate conjugated gold nanoparticles improve rheumatoid vascular dysfunction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis: gold revival

et al. 2022

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Endothelial vasomotor dysfunction and accelerated atherosclerosis encompass the features of rheumatoid vascular dysfunction (RVD), increasing cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. Methotrexate, among DMARDs, effectively reduces cardiovascular events, but its non-selectivity together with its pharmacokinetic variability often limit drug adherence and contribute to its potential toxicity. Thus, methotrexate was conjugated to gold nanoparticles (MTX/AuNPs) and its effect on RVD in rats’ adjuvant-induced arthritis was evaluated. A comparative study between MTX/AuNPs, free MTX, and AuNPs treatments on joint inflammation, vascular reactivity and architecture, smooth muscle phenotype, systemic inflammation, and atherogenic profile was done. Since MTX/AuNPs effect was superior, it appears that conjugation of MTX to AuNPs demonstrated a synergistic action. MTX immunomodulatory action combined with AuNPs anti-atherogenic potential yielded prompt control of whole features of RVD. These findings highlight the usefulness of nanoparticles-targeted drug-delivery system in refining rheumatoid-induced vascular dysfunction treatment and reviving gold use in RA.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Methotrexate conjugated gold nanoparticles improve rheumatoid vascular dysfunction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis: gold revival

et al. 2022

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“…Various details manifest the capability of Trikatu in managing inflammatory disorders such as RA. It slows down the making of inflammatory cytokines, pain mediators, osteoclastogenic factors in adjuvant-induced arthritis [88].…”

Section: Trikatumentioning

confidence: 99%

A Never-Ending Story of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Baljit¹,

Qadrie²,

Amit³

et al. 2020

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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There are distinct Rheumatic disorders, still Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is believed to be very prevailing. RA is an empathic disorder described over integral redness, constant inflammation, and the existence of auto-antibodies. In RA, inflammation in joints, loss of motion of joint stiffness, joint tenderness are most common in patients. Deformity of joints can be prevented by early diagnosis and treatment. The extremity of the disease can be reduced by combining the drugs and improved weight more profiled than single medication. Treat-to-target progress results in a superior-conclusion in RA, and the ACR, EULAR, and other specialized systems have supported treat-to-target as a basic curative strategy for RA. The novel methods used in RA have upgraded the development of the disorder and maximum people helpful in cancellation of clinical manifestations if the identification of disorder takes place before time. This review article is written after studying most of the journal’s articles, which were published between 1997-2019.

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“…Consequently, it has become an inevitable trend to identify an effective anti-RA drug with high therapeutic effects and fewer side effects. The search for traditional herbal drugs that are more effective, safer, and economical has attracted a great attention, since 80% of the world population mainly rely on herbal drugs [ 13 ]. With the long history of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of RA, RA is included in the theory of TCM “arthralgia” category.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiarthritic Activity of Qi‐Wu Rheumatism Granule (a Chinese Herbal Compound) on Complete Freund’s Adjuvant‐Induced Arthritis in Rats

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2017

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Objective The aim was to study the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of QWRG on adjuvant-induced RA in rats. Methods The RA rat models were manipulated and subsequently divided into five experimental groups: AIA, DEX, and QWRG groups. The paw volume, body weight, arthritic score, and mechanical nociceptive threshold were assessed. The serum levels of the RF, MDA, ALP, AST, ALT, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-16, and TNF-α were measured. The proliferative capacity of lymphocytes was evaluated, and the synovial tissue was histopathologically examined. Results The paw swelling and arthritic scores were relieved, and the variation of relative body weight and mechanical nociceptive threshold had improved in the AIA rats. The serum levels of RF, MDA, ALP, AST, and ALT were alleviated, and the inflammation and cartilage damage were effectively attenuated in the AIA rats. Simultaneously, the inflammation of the synovial cavity was alleviated, and the grading of synovitis reduced by inhibiting the expressions of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-16 in the serum and synovium tissue. Conclusion Our results suggested that the antiarthritic properties of QWRG may be due to immunodepression and downregulation of inflammatory cytokines, which may be a potential candidate for the treatment of RA.

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Trikatu, a herbal compound mitigates the biochemical and immunological complications in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats

Abstract: These results suggest that trikatu could be a promising alternative drug for the control and management of rheumatoid arthritis.

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Methotrexate conjugated gold nanoparticles improve rheumatoid vascular dysfunction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis: gold revival

Methotrexate conjugated gold nanoparticles improve rheumatoid vascular dysfunction in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis: gold revival

A Never-Ending Story of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Antiarthritic Activity of Qi‐Wu Rheumatism Granule (a Chinese Herbal Compound) on Complete Freund’s Adjuvant‐Induced Arthritis in Rats

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