Trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bromide as extractant for Rh(III), Ru(III) and Pt(IV) from chloride solutions‡

Abstract

Ruthenium, rhodium and platinum are the most expensive of noble metals. As their natural sources are limited, it is important to develop an effective process for recovering Rh, Ru and Pt from waste sources. Their main suppliers are the following industries: chemical (spent catalysts), automotive, jewellery, dental and petrochemical. This paper presents studies on the extraction of Rh(III), Ru(III) and Pt(IV) from model aqueous chloride solutions using trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium bromide (Cyphos IL 102). The effects of different parameters such as the influence of shaking time, HCl and NaCl concentrations in the feed solutions and also Cyphos IL 102 concentration in the organic phase, on the extraction of these metal ions were investigated. Additionally, the effect of the ageing of Rh(III) and Ru(III) chloride solutions on the extraction of these metal ions was studied.

Solvent extraction of Pt(IV), Pd(II), and Rh(III) with the ionic liquid trioctyl(dodecyl) phosphonium chloride

“…Recently, several researchers have reported on the low extractability of Rh(III) using ionic liquids diluted with kerosene or toluene, and the extraction efficiency of Pt(IV) and Pd(II) was also shown to decrease at high HCl. 13,14 The decrease in the extraction efficiency at high HCl could be attributed to competition in the formation of metal-ligand complexes between the ionic liquid molecules with Pt(IV), Pd(II), or Rh(III). In an undiluted ionic liquid, the abundance of ionic liquid molecules should minimize this competition.…”

“…In recent years, phosphonium‐based ionic liquids have gained interest for their applications in PGM extraction. Commercially available trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride, bromide and bis(2,4,4‐trimethylpenthyl)phosphinate dissolved in an organic solvent have been shown to have good extraction capabilities towards Pt(IV) and Pd(II) in hydrochloric acid media . In conventional extraction, the extraction of Rh(III) is known to be difficult compared with Pt(IV) and Pd(II).…”

“…Commercially available trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride, bromide and bis (2,4,4-trimethylpenthyl)phosphinate dissolved in an organic solvent have been shown to have good extraction capabilities towards Pt(IV) and Pd(II) in hydrochloric acid media. [12][13][14][15] In conventional extraction, the extraction of Rh(III) is known to be difficult compared with Pt(IV) and Pd(II). However, a recent report from Svecova et al detailed the use of undiluted trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium chloride, bromide, and dicyanamide, which resulted in a high Rh(III) extraction efficiency, 16 although the stripping was not described.…”

Characterization of polymer inclusion membranes (PIM) containing phosphonium ionic liquids and their application for separation of Zn(II) from Fe(III)

“…Some authors proposed ionic liquids (ILs), e.g. methyltrioctylammonium or trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium salts, as metal ion carriers in PIMs . The interest in application of ILs for separation processes has been increasing recently because ILs exhibit many unique properties such as high thermal stability, non‐flammability and extractability for different organic and inorganic compounds.…”

“…methyltrioctylammonium or trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium salts, as metal ion carriers in PIMs. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The interest in application of ILs for separation processes has been increasing recently because ILs exhibit many unique properties such as high thermal stability, non-flammability and extractability for different organic and inorganic compounds. It is noteworthy that ILs are considered environment friendly as well as low toxic green solvents.…”