Trichromatic Specifications for Intermediate and Special Colors of the Munsell System*

Granville, Walter C.; Nickerson, Dorothy; Foss, Carl E.

doi:10.1364/josa.33.000376

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…Hardy (1936) gives the relationship between colorimetric purity (Pc) and excitation purity (Pe) to be Pe = (PeYI)/ys, where Ybys are the trichromatic coefficients of the points on the spectral locus and the sample point, respectively. Excitation purities for the Munsell samples are available from the Munsell Color Company or are given by Glenn and Killian (1940) and Granville et al (1943).2 Table 3 shows that when the average error rates of Fig. 2 are reconsidered in this manner hue no longer seems to be an important factor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological relationship between lightness and saturation

Davidoff

1974

Perception & Psychophysics

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Lightness and saturation, though independent in a physical sense, have often been seen to be psychologically related. The first experiment uses a multidimensional scaling technique to again verify this nonindependence for untrained as. A further experiment, using a matching technique, quantifies this relationship, giving the extent of the error in lightness for varying levels of saturation. This relationship is found to be independent of hue if saturation is measured by the colorimetric purity of the hue. Errors in value (lightness on the Munsell system) were found to be linearly related to colorimetric purity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The psychological relationship between lightness and saturation

Davidoff

1974

Perception & Psychophysics

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“…The angular spreads of the illuminating and viewing directions are far too small to be equivalent to the desired 50° to 70° spread of the illuminating beams near a window. Each Munsell standard was backed by a white card or a black card to correspond to the backing used in its original spectrophotometric calibration [7,19].…”

Section: Chromaticity-difference Colorimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oomparison of these differences with those obtained by means of the spectrophotometer serves to disclose most of the important errors in chromaticity coordinates. If the comparison is made with a previously measured Munsell st,andard [7,19], the differences in chromaticitv coordinates, x and V, may be added to the known values for the standard, and chromaticity coordinates, x and y, found for the sample. This was done for each sample classified as strongly fluorescent.…”

Section: Chromaticity-difference Colorimetermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where R. is the published luminous refleotance [7,19] for the Munsell standard evaluated from spectrophotometric measurement for perpendicular illumination. There is a correction to be applied to R2 found by this formula if the light reflected from the sample is not in the same state of polarization as that from the standard [23].…”

Section: Macbeth-martens Reflectometermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spectrophotometric and colorimetric determination of the colors of the TCCA standard color cards

G¹,

Db²,

Hj³

1946

J. RES. NATL. BUR. STAN.

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The color c ards of the Textile Color Card Association of the United Stat es are widely used i n the textile and a lli ed industries and by many p rocuring agencies o f t h e Federal Government. The Textile Color Card Association issues both seasonal and standard color cards. The seasonal car ds p rovide a color-fo recastin g sery ice to textile manufacturers and promote color coord ination am ong t h e t rades; the standard cards present colors for which there is a popu la r and continuing demand. Most impor tant of the color cards is t he Standar d Color Card of Ameri ca, the current nint h ed ition containi ng 216 colors. Preeminent amon g t he m a ny special sets of color cards iss ued by t he Association for use of the Federa l Governm ent is t h e United States Army Color Card showing 22 official colors for the arms and services. T he specification of the colors of t he Ninth Edition Standard Color Card and the Un ited States Army Color Card h as been undertaken for the pur pose of correlating these textile standar ds with American War Standard Z44-1942 for the specification and description of color. T he 238 samples comprising these color cards have been examined by basic spectrophotometric and colorimetric procedures. From th is study t here have been foun d d ayli ght r eflectance, Y, ch romaticity coordinates (x,y) , Munsell renota.t ions, and I SCC-NBS color designations for these samples, as recommended by American W ar Stan dar d Z44-1942. As more than half of these texti le s tandards a re flu orescent, and as existing spect.rophotometers are not sui ted t o t h e evaluation of such samples, considerahle reliance has been p laced on q uantitative co lorimetri c an d p hotometric comparisons with t h e Munsell colo r standards, both by means of a chromati city-difference colorimet.er and by t he Martens p h otom eter.As a closing check, Munsell book notations of these textile standards h ave been obtained by a direct visual comparison with the color scales of t he Munsell Book of Color.

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“…Tintometer, Ltd., makers of the Lovibond glasses, have computed from the published spectrophotometric measurements [32] the chromaticity coordinates, a?,y, of all the colors of the ideal Lovibond system [140] produced by illuminating the glasses with CIEl standard sources B and C. Computation of these colors for source A has been done at the National Bureau of Standards [51]. Figure 18 shows the Kelly [69, Y6] [46] and by Nickerson, Tomaszewski, and Boyd [119]. These Munsell OOOinO liiOiai-fb-COClOiHX LOMXWW OXOCOtH 03b-ir3CO(N TH003Xt* COOCOCOO COCDCCDCD t-X030i-H Ot^OCIO t-ir^CIOt-OC'IOXO COrnXCO-^O-IOSt-WCO OXCO-^C^OXiOCOtH a3t^»OC0W C3t*t^C0rH Oit-lC^Cl t-hOOOO 03030303X XXXt-t-t-t-CO«OCO OlOlOWirS lf5 XCIt-Clt-rlCOiHCOi-l COrnCOtHCO fICO-HCOfI COrHCDfIt-C-lt-OlXCO X'*a3'*0 lOiHCOC-lt-C0X"l<O3lO 03XXt-t-COCOinO-* -^COCOCIC^»-l»-t0003 OSXXt-t-COCOlOlrtTlH TftCOCOC^W iHr-IOOO 0303XXt-t-C0C0»f5O XXOOXX OOXXXX XXodxX odxXOOt-^t^t-^t-^t-^t> t^t-^l>l>t-^t-^C-^t-^t-^t-^t-^t-^t-^t-^COCOCOCOCO COCOCOCOCO cixt-coin Tttcocii-io O3xt-coo -^corir-io 03Xt-coo^COMrHO 03Xt-C010 It is therefore a psychopliysical characterization of the specimen according to the light reflected from it, just as are luminous reflectance, F, and chromaticity coordinates, x.y from wliich it can be derived.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Colorimetry

Nimeroff¹

1968

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Trichromatic Specifications for Intermediate and Special Colors of the Munsell System*

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

The psychological relationship between lightness and saturation

The psychological relationship between lightness and saturation

Spectrophotometric and colorimetric determination of the colors of the TCCA standard color cards

Colorimetry

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