Trichophytin Extraction: Biological Comparison of Trichophytin Extracted from Trichophyton mentagrophytes Grown in a Complex Medium and a Defined Medium

Ottaviano, Paul J.; Jones, Henry E.; Jaeger, June; King, Robert D.; Bibel, Debra Jan

doi:10.1128/aem.28.2.271-275.1974

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…For larger-scale production, strains ATCC 32903 and UW-1 were separately grown in 80 1 fermentors. Flasks containing 250 ml of liquid synthetic medium (containing dextrose, amino acids, vitamins, and trace minerals), pH 6.5 (18) were inoculated with fungal strains. The flasks were incubated at 30°C on a rotary shaker at 100 RPM for 2-3 weeks.…”

Section: Fungal Organism and Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Immune Response toMicrosporum canisInduced by a Fungal Cell Wall Vaccine*

DeBoer

Moriello

1994

Veterinary Dermatology

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An experimental infection model was used to assess induction of specific immunity against Microsporum canis in cats with an M . canis cell wall vaccine preparation. Kittens 8-9 weeks old (n = 12) received five doses of either vaccine or placebo at biweekly intervals. Specific immunity was monitored via plasma anti-dermatophyte antibody titers and lymphocyte blastogenesis (LB) to dermatophyte antigens. After vaccination, cats were chauenged with viable M . canis spores, and lesion development was monitored. Vaccinated cats developed higher anti-dermatophyte IgG, but not IgM, titers than controls, beginning after the second dose of vaccine (P < 0.001). During the vaccination period, specific cellular immunity as measured by LB was absent in control cats, but developed to a limited degree in vaccinated cats (P < 0.05).After challenge with lo5 fungal spores per cat, both control and vaccinated cats developed active infections.The vaccine appeared to induce an antibody titer quantitatively similar to that produced by infection, but less measured cellular immunity than was seen with infection and recovery. These results suggest that induction of high titers of serum IgG or IgM antibody against Microsporum canis is not protective against challenge exposure.

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Section: Fungal Organism and Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dermatophyte glycopeptide antigen (GP) extracts were prepared from bulk-fermented ATCC 32903 and UW-I by previously-described methods ( 18,19). Briefly, mycelium was acetone-dried and ground to a powder.…”

Section: Fungal Organism and Antigensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Immune Response toMicrosporum canisInduced by a Fungal Cell Wall Vaccine*

DeBoer

Moriello

1994

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Y.). Cultures were incubated on a shaker for about 90 days before preparation of two crude antigens as follows: (i) an acetone-dried, particulate antigen (PART AG) was prepared by dehydration with three changes of acetone (3,13) and grinding the harvested cells in a mortar and pestle to a fine powder, and (ii) a heat-killed soluble antigen (SOL AG) was prepared by autoclaving (15 min, 121'C) and centrifuging (-350 x G, 10 min) to obtain the culture supernatant. Antigen protein concentrations were estimated by the method of Lowry et al (11).…”

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confidence: 99%

Suppression of In Vitro Lymphocyte Transformation During an Experimental Dermatophyte Infection

Green

Balish

1979

Infect Immun

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During primary Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection of strain 2 guinea pigs, the colony-forming units (CFU) of fungi present within the lesion peaked between days 7 and 14, whereas the severity of the lesion itself peaked between days 11 and 16. Concomitant with the latter peak, a pronounced depression in the in vitro mitogenic activity of spleen cells (SPC) and lymph node cells (LNC) was observed. Only after resolution of the primary infection (day 21) did LNC show increased deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) synthesis in the presence of fungal antigens. During cutaneous reinfection, there was no distinct peak fungal load and CFU appeared to decrease steadily during the accelerated course of a reinfection disease. LNC from guinea pigs with severe, ulcerated reinfection lesions generally exhibited a heightened response to fungal antigen in vitro. LNC from guinea pigs with mild reinfection dermatophytosis had depressed in vitro reactivity to mitogens and dermatophyte antigen. The suppression of blastogenic activity during dermatophyte infection appeared to be associated with autologous serum components, since increased DNA synthesis resulted when SPC or LNC were cultured with fetal calf serum. The depressed in vitro DNA synthesis of lymphocytes (cultured with dermatophyte antigens) that were harvested during reinfection was not accompanied by an impaired ability of infected guinea pigs to respond with a delayed-type hypersensitivity skin test in vivo. These results support the hypothesis that experimental T. mentagrophytes dermatophytosis is a cell-mediated hypersensitivity disease that can be modified by immunosuppressive control mechanisms elaborated or induced by the fungus.

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“…x g, 15 min, 40C) and stored at 40C (52). The pH of the supernatant was slowly raised to 9.5 with 1 N NaOH.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This polysaccharide-borate-CTAB complex was treated to release polysaccharide-containing material by dissolving the complex in a minimal volume of 2 N acetic acid. The crude polysaccharide was precipitated from solution at a final concentration of 90% ethanol (52). After 18 h at 4°C, the precipitate was collected by centrifugation (4,300 X g, 15 min 4C) and washed first in 1% (vol/vol) acetic acid in ethanol, then ethanol, and finally diethyl ether (Allied Chemical, Morristown, N.J.).…”

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confidence: 99%

Isolation of glycopeptides with skin test activity from dermatophytes

Moser¹,

Pollack²

1978

Infect Immun

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By using ethylene glycol extraction of whole submerged cultures, followed by Sephadex G-200 and diethylaminoethyl-Sephadex chromatography, we isolated four distinct glycopeptides from Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and Microsporum canis. Chemical analyses revealed that these glycopeptides contained mostly carbohydrate (42.5 to 81.6%) and protein (4.3 to 11.3%), with lesser amounts of phosphorus (0.4 to 6.0%) and hexosamines (0.3 to 0.6%). Based upon total carbohydrate and monosaccharide content, these dermatophyte glycopeptides could be divided into two chemical groups: glucopeptides (DSI) and mannopeptides (DSI2, DS11, and DS112). The mannopeptides and glucopeptides of each species of dermatophyte were not significantly different chemically from those derived from the other two dermatophyte species studied. Skin testing of DSI1-glucopeptides or DSI2-mannopeptides in immunized guinea pigs indicated that only the DSI2-mannopeptides elicited a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. Skin testing T. mentagrophytes 62-infected guinea pigs with the four purified DSglycopeptides, as well as earlier fractions from the purification scheme, derived from T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and M. canis, again indicated that only the DSI2-mannopeptides of the two Trichophyton species elicited a delayed hypersensitivity reaction. The number of infections or duration of infection had no effect on the size of the skin test response. DSI2-mannopeptides were non-crossreactive between genera when tested in Trichophyton-immunized or-infected guinea pigs and Microsporum-immunized guinea pigs.

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Trichophytin Extraction: Biological Comparison of Trichophytin Extracted from Trichophyton mentagrophytes Grown in a Complex Medium and a Defined Medium

Cited by 13 publications

References 10 publications

The Immune Response toMicrosporum canisInduced by a Fungal Cell Wall Vaccine*

The Immune Response toMicrosporum canisInduced by a Fungal Cell Wall Vaccine*

Suppression of In Vitro Lymphocyte Transformation During an Experimental Dermatophyte Infection

Isolation of glycopeptides with skin test activity from dermatophytes

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