Trichoderma biodiversity in China

Abstract

In the present study, we made further investigation into the diversity of Trichoderma in China than previous ones utilizing comprehensive approaches of morphological microscopic observation and phylogenetic analysis by detecting molecular markers. One thousand nine hundred ten Trichoderma strains were isolated from soil or other materials in China: East (Anhui, Fujian, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Shandong, Zhejiang province and Shanghai municipality), South-West (Guizhou, Qinghai, Shanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan province, Tibet Autonomous Region and Chongqing municipality), South-East (Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan province), and Middle China (Henan, Hubei and Hunan province). Representative isolates were verified at the species level by morphological characters and the oligonucleotide barcode program TrichoOKey v.10 and the custom BLAST server TrichoBLAST, using sequence of the ITS 1 and 2 region of the rDNA cluster and partial sequences of translation elongation factor 1-alpha(tef1-α). A total of 23 Trichoderma species were identified : T.asperellum, T.atrioviride, T.aureovriride, T.brevicompactum, T.citrioviride, T.erinaceum, T.gamsii, T.hamatum, T.harzianum (H.1ixii), T.intricatum, T.koningii (H.koningii), T.koningiopsis, T.longibranchiatum, T.pleuroticola, T.reeseii (H.jecorina), T.sinensis, T.spirale, T.stromaticum, T.tomentosum, T.velutinum, T.vermipilum, T.virens (H.virens), T.viride. Among them, 3 species: T.intricatum, T.stromaticum, T.vermipilum were first reported in China; T.harzianum (H,1ixii) was the most widely distributed species in China. This study further shows that, the highest biodiversity of Trichoderma population appeared in South-West China.

Multiple criteria-based screening of Trichoderma isolates for biological control of Botrytis cinerea on tomato

“…Of the two fungal species, T. harzianum has been well studied as biocontrol agent (BCA) for control of B. cinerea as well as many other plant pathogens (Harman et al, 2004;Verma et al, 2007;Vos et al, 2015), whereas T. koningiopsis has been rarely studied as BCA for plant diseases so far. This fungus has been recorded in many countries, including Brazil (Lopes et al, 2012;De Souza et al, 2016), China (Sun et al, 2012), Columiba (Moreno et al, 2009;Smith et al, 2013), France (Jaklitsch and Voglmayr, 2015), India (Saxena et al, 2015), Mexico (Mendoza et al, 2011) and Poland (Błaszczyk et al, 2011), implying that it might be a cosmopolitan soilborne fungus. Previous studies indicated that selected isolates of T. koningiopsis are effective biocontrol agents (BCAs) in suppression of plant pathogens, including Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.…”

Trichoderma shennongjianum and Trichoderma tibetense, two new soil-inhabiting species in the Strictipile clade

“…So far, approximately 40 soil-inhabiting Trichoderma species have been recorded around the world in many publications (e.g. Kubicek et al 2003;Wuczkowski et al 2003;Yu et al 2007;Hoyos-Carvajal et al 2009;Migheli et al 2009;Mulaw et al 2010;Kredics et al 2012;Sun et al 2012;Li et al 2013;L opezQuintero et al 2013;Al-Sadi et al 2015), which accounts for a small fraction of the more than 260 known species of the genus (Chaverri and Samuels 2003;Zhu and Zhuang 2014b;Bissett et al 2015).…”

“…Later, species biodiversity of the genus in soil and litter in four provinces of China was carried out by Zhang et al (2005) based on morphological and molecular data, and 11 species were found. More recently, Sun et al (2012) isolated 1910 strains from 20 provinces, and 23 species were recognized. Today 27 soilinhabiting species have been identified in China.…”

Three new species of Trichoderma with hyaline ascospores from China

“…After a long break, four new species and six new Chinese records were described and reported (Doi et al 1984(Doi et al , 2001Samuels et al 1998;Liu et al 2000Liu et al , 2002Liu et al , 2003. Until now 85 species of Trichoderma were known from China, most isolated from soil, litter and mushrooms (Zhao et al 2004;Samuels et al 2006;Yu et al 2007;Zhang et al 2007Zhang et al , 2013Jia et al 2009;Pan et al 2010;Sun et al 2012;Zhu and Zhuang 2014).…”