Tribology with biodiesel: A study on enhancing biodiesel stability and its fuel properties

Sundus, F.; Fazal, M. A.; Masjuki, H.H.

doi:10.1016/j.rser.2016.11.217

Cited by 160 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 127 publications

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“…On the other hand, NOx emissions increase with the use of biodiesel (B100) compared to pure diesel (B0). This result is consistent with the literature, which indicates that the use of biodiesel generates higher NOx emissions, despite its high cetane index [53], [54], because the NOx emissions in fuels are due to the presence of oxygen in its molecular structure or to a high degree of instauration in biodiesel [45]. This oxygen improves the oxidation of the fuel during combustion, which results in higher local temperatures, generating an increase in NOx emissions by a thermal formation mechanism [53], [55], [56].…”

Section: Solution Proposalsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…Regarding the environmental benefits of the use of biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel, there is a reduction of GHG emissions by 12 and 41%, respectively, in relation to fuels [42], [43]. Thus, [44] and [45] they obtain that the emissions of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) decrease when using biodiesel-diesel mixtures, due to the oxygen content in the biodiesel (11%) and the increase of the engine speed during combustion. Similarly, [46] show that CO emissions decrease by 30% when using a B25 mixture (i.e.…”

Section: Solution Proposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estudio de la producción de biodiesel por procesos químicos y enzimáticos a partir de aceite de cocina usado.

Acevedo-Páez

Urbina-Suarez

Acevedo-Rodríguez

et al. 2019

AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería

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The biodiesel production was analyzed by chemical and enzymatic processes, from used cooking oil (UCO), evaluating the quality and yield of the product obtained in each method. For the chemical process, an acid esterification followed by a basic transesterification was developed, (reaction temperature: 60 °C, oil:methanol 1:6 molar ratio, concentration of KOH catalyst: 1% w/w reaction times: 55 and 70 min); and enzymatic transesterification (temperature: 38 °C, oil:methanol 1:3 molar ratio, enzyme concentration lipase XX 25 split liquid: 5%, reaction times: 3 and 6 hours). Physicochemical properties (i.e. density, kinematic viscosity, moisture content, fatty acid profile, percentage of acidity, peroxides index and saponification) of the raw material were determined. Results showed the presence of oleic acid (42.45%) and palmitic acid (33.52%). The highest yield obtained was from the chemical transesterification under the conditions of 60 °C, 1% KOH and 70 min with a conversion percentage of 96.15% and an acid number of 1.33 mmKOH/g, compared to the enzymatic transesterification which registered a high acid number of 6.91 mmKOH/g and conversion percentage of 48.81% under the conditions of 38 °C, 5% of enzyme lipase and 3 hours.

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Section: Solution Proposalsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Solution Proposalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudio de la producción de biodiesel por procesos químicos y enzimáticos a partir de aceite de cocina usado.

Acevedo-Páez

Urbina-Suarez

Acevedo-Rodríguez

et al. 2019

AiBi Revista de Investigación, Administración e Ingeniería

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The ester functionality present in FAME (biodiesel) molecules can be adsorbed on metal surfaces while the rest of the chain (long aliphatic chain) creates a film that prevents wear. The extremely good lubricant properties of biodiesel have been proved previously [28,29], but the results here presented confirm now the same result for FAGE/FAME blends. the heating value of neat o.bio® and biodiesel is approximately 10% lower, in volume units, thus the recommended content in diesel blend should not be higher than 30%.…”

Section: Lubricitysupporting

confidence: 90%

Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties

et al. 2019

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Current policies focus on encouraging the use of renewable energy sources in transport to reduce the contribution of this sector to global warming and air pollution. In the short-term, attention is focused on developing renewable fuels. Among them, the so-called advanced biofuels, including non-crop and waste-based biofuels, possess important benefits such as higher greenhouse gas (GHG) emission savings and the capacity not to compete with food markets. Recently, European institutions have agreed on specific targets for the new Renewable Energy Directive (2018/2001), including 14% of renewable energy in rail and road transport by 2030. To achieve this, advanced biofuels will be double-counted, and their contribution must be at least 3.5% in 2030 (with a phase-in calendar from 2020). In this work, the fuel properties of blends of regular diesel fuel with four advanced biofuels derived from different sources and production processes are examined. These biofuels are (1) biobutanol produced by microbial ABE fermentation from renewable material, (2) HVO (hydrotreated vegetable oil) derived from hydrogenation of non-edible oils, (3) biodiesel from waste free fatty acids originated in the oil refining industry, and (4) a novel biofuel that combines fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol formal esters (FAGE), which contributes to a decrease in the excess of glycerol from current biodiesel plants. Blending ratios include 5, 10, 15, and 20% (% vol.) of biofuel, covering the range expected for biofuels in future years. Pure fuels and some higher ratios are considered as well to complete and discuss the tendencies. In the case of biodiesel and FAME/FAGE blends in diesel, ratios up to 20% meet all requirements set in current fuel quality standards. Larger blending ratios are possible for HVO blends if HVO is additivated to lubricity improvers. For biobutanol blends, the recommended blending ratio is limited to 10% or lower to avoid high water content and low cetane number.

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“…These factors cause worse mixing conditions with air and directly influence the combustion process. Biofuels have an inclination towards dampness absorption Sundus et al [17] and Othmana et al [18]. Research conducted by Antonov et al [19] discussed the spray effects two fluids: Diesel and water, and rape oil and water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model Issues Regarding Modification of Fuel Injector Components to Improve the Injection Parameters of a Modern Compression Ignition Engine Powered by Biofuel

et al. 2019

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This article presents a theoretical analysis of the use of spiral-elliptical ducts in the atomizer of a modern fuel injector. The parameters of the injected fuel stream can be divided into quantitative and qualitative. The quantitative parameter is the injection dose amount, and the qualitative parameter is characterized by the stream of injected fuel (width, atomization, opening angle, and range). The purpose of atomizer modification is to cause additional flow turbulence, which may affect the stream parameters and improve the combustion process of the combustible mixture in a diesel engine. The spiral-elliptical ducts discussed here could be used in engines powered by vegetable fuels. The stream of such fuels has worse quality parameters than conventional fuels, due to their higher viscosity and density. The proposal to use spiral-elliptical ducts is an innovative idea for diesel engines.

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Tribology with biodiesel: A study on enhancing biodiesel stability and its fuel properties

Cited by 160 publications

References 127 publications

Estudio de la producción de biodiesel por procesos químicos y enzimáticos a partir de aceite de cocina usado.

Estudio de la producción de biodiesel por procesos químicos y enzimáticos a partir de aceite de cocina usado.

Selection of Blends of Diesel Fuel and Advanced Biofuels Based on Their Physical and Thermochemical Properties

Model Issues Regarding Modification of Fuel Injector Components to Improve the Injection Parameters of a Modern Compression Ignition Engine Powered by Biofuel

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