Tribological properties of carbon nanotube as co-reinforcing additive in carbon black/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites for hydraulic seal applications

Abstract

This work investigated the cure characteristic, physical mechanical properties, and tribology behavior of carbon black filled acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites using multi-walled carbon nanotubes as co-reinforcing additive in various contents from 0, 3, 6, 9, and 15 parts per hundred rubbers. The physical and tribological behavior was also observed in large-scale piston driven hydraulic apparatus which was specially designed for seal applications. The results suggested that the modulus and hardness were found to increase after adding multi-walled carbon nanotube whereas the tensile and tear strength were not significantly affected. Adding multi-walled carbon nanotube was found to increase the bound rubber and crosslink density. For ball-on-disc tribo-testing, it was found that the coefficient of friction of the rubber composites decreased with multi-walled carbon nanotube content and the applied loads whereas the specific wear rate was more influenced by the applied loads used. Finally, under the large-scale piston driven hydraulic test apparatus in comparison with commercial grade rubber seals, it was found that the weight loss for the acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites with multi-walled carbon nanotube was much lower than that without multi-walled carbon nanotube. The carbon black/acrylonitrile butadiene rubber composites with 9–12 parts per hundred rubbers multi-walled carbon nanotube were recommended as the most suitable for hydraulic seal applications.

Simulation of Neutron/Self-Emitted Gamma Attenuation and Effects of Silane Surface Treatment on Mechanical and Wear Resistance Properties of Sm2O3/UHMWPE Composites

“…The wear and frictional properties of the Sm 2 O 3 /UHMWPE composites were determined, using a ball-on-disc tester, with an applied normal load of 5 N, a constant sliding speed of 0.3 m/s, and a sliding distance of 1000 m. The specimens were cut into a square with a dimension of 40 mm × 40 mm and 4 mm in thickness, while a high-chromium steel ball (SKF, Bangkok, Thailand) with a diameter of 6 mm was used as the counterpart. The specific wear rate ( W sp ) for each sample was calculated by using Equation (8): where W sp , V , L , and D are the specific wear rate, the total wear volume, the normal load, and the total sliding distance, respectively [ 30 ]. Furthermore, the surface roughness of the Sm 2 O 3 /UHMWPE composites after the measurement of wear rates was also determined by using a surface-roughness tester (SURFTEST SV-3100, Mitutoyo, Kawasaki, Japan) with a testing speed of 100 µm/s.…”

Mechanical and tribological performance of acrylonitrile‐butadiene rubber/carbon black/cryptocrystalline graphite composites

“…The results represented that CG without any purification or modification showed fine reinforcement efficiency. Notably, CG exhibited a more significant increase in tensile strength than EG and multiwalled carbon nanotube 7,36 . There was an increase of only 3.7% and 10% in tensile strength with the addition of 5 phr EG and 12 phr multiwalled carbon nanotube, respectively compared with only CB‐filled NBR composite 7,36 .…”

“…Notably, CG exhibited a more significant increase in tensile strength than EG and multiwalled carbon nanotube 7,36 . There was an increase of only 3.7% and 10% in tensile strength with the addition of 5 phr EG and 12 phr multiwalled carbon nanotube, respectively compared with only CB‐filled NBR composite 7,36 . When CG content was 5 phr and 10 phr in this work, the tensile strength of NBR/CB/CG composites increased by 9.1% and 18.2%, respectively compared with only CB‐filled NBR composite.…”

Surface wettability, tensile mechanical performance, and tribological behavior of polyimide/polytetrafluoroethylene blends enhanced with hydroxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes at high relative humidity

“…These characteristic functional groups provide numerous sites for MWCNTs to undergo reactions with polymeric composites and can be used to generate interfacial bonding forces between MWCNTs and polymeric matrices. [23,24] Researchers have carried out pioneering work in this area. Gong et al prepared poly (3-ethyl-3-hydroxymethyloxetane)-functionalized MWCNT nanoadditives, which were used to strengthen the tribological characteristics of lubricating oil at high temperatures.…”