Surface wettability, tensile mechanical performance, and tribological behavior of polyimide/polytetrafluoroethylene blends enhanced with hydroxylated multiwalled carbon nanotubes at high relative humidity
Abstract:Multiwalled carbon nanotubes were hydroxylated (MWCNTs-OH) by a strong acid mixture and then used as a reinforcement nanofiller in blends of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and polyimide (PI) to fabricate MWCNTs-OH/ PTFE/PI nanocomposites. The influences of MWCNTs-OH additions on the surface wettability, tensile mechanical property, and tribological behaviors of MWCNTs-OH/PTFE/PI nanocomposites under different relative humidity were investigated. Test results indicate that the introduction of MWCNTs-OHcan drama… Show more
“…Liu and co-workers also reported that the filled MWCNT in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite exhibited high wear resistance and low friction coefficient compared to pure UHMWPE [ 47 ]. According to Yan and Xue, incorporating carbon nanotubes into a polymer matrix improves the composite’s tensile and tribological properties [ 48 ]. An enhancement in wear resistance is evident after adding the hybrid fillers (HYB and PHY composite).…”
Hybrid fillers can be produced via various methods, such as physical mixing and chemical modification. However, there is a limited number of studies on the effect of hybridisation on the mechanical performance of hybrid filler-reinforced polymer composites, especially in the context of wear performance. This study investigated the wear resistance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/alumina hybrid-filled phenolic composite, where two hybrid methods were used to produce the CNTs/alumina hybrid filler. The CNTs/alumina (CVD hybrid) was synthesised using the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method, whereas the CNTs-/alumina (physically hybrid) was prepared using the ball milling method. The CNTs/alumina hybrid filler was then used as a filler in the phenolic composites. The composites were prepared using a hot mounting press and then subjected to a dry sliding wear test using a pin-on-disc (POD) tester. The results show that the composite filled with the CVD hybrid filler (HYB composite) had better wear resistance than the composite filled with physically hybrid filler (PHY composite) and pure phenolic. At 5 wt%, the HYB composite showed a 74.68% reduction in wear, while the PHY composite showed a 56.44% reduction in wear compared to pure phenolic. The HYB composite exhibited the lowest average coefficient of friction (COF) compared to the PHY composite and pure phenolic. The average COF decreased with increasing sliding speeds and applied loads. The phenolic composites’ wear and average COF are in the order HYB composite < PHY composite < pure phenolic under all sliding speeds and applied loads.
“…Liu and co-workers also reported that the filled MWCNT in ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composite exhibited high wear resistance and low friction coefficient compared to pure UHMWPE [ 47 ]. According to Yan and Xue, incorporating carbon nanotubes into a polymer matrix improves the composite’s tensile and tribological properties [ 48 ]. An enhancement in wear resistance is evident after adding the hybrid fillers (HYB and PHY composite).…”
Hybrid fillers can be produced via various methods, such as physical mixing and chemical modification. However, there is a limited number of studies on the effect of hybridisation on the mechanical performance of hybrid filler-reinforced polymer composites, especially in the context of wear performance. This study investigated the wear resistance of carbon nanotubes (CNTs)/alumina hybrid-filled phenolic composite, where two hybrid methods were used to produce the CNTs/alumina hybrid filler. The CNTs/alumina (CVD hybrid) was synthesised using the chemical vapour deposition (CVD) method, whereas the CNTs-/alumina (physically hybrid) was prepared using the ball milling method. The CNTs/alumina hybrid filler was then used as a filler in the phenolic composites. The composites were prepared using a hot mounting press and then subjected to a dry sliding wear test using a pin-on-disc (POD) tester. The results show that the composite filled with the CVD hybrid filler (HYB composite) had better wear resistance than the composite filled with physically hybrid filler (PHY composite) and pure phenolic. At 5 wt%, the HYB composite showed a 74.68% reduction in wear, while the PHY composite showed a 56.44% reduction in wear compared to pure phenolic. The HYB composite exhibited the lowest average coefficient of friction (COF) compared to the PHY composite and pure phenolic. The average COF decreased with increasing sliding speeds and applied loads. The phenolic composites’ wear and average COF are in the order HYB composite < PHY composite < pure phenolic under all sliding speeds and applied loads.
“…The friction coefficient curves of EG/PES/PI composites at different evaluated temperatures were collected via the data acquisition system of Anton Paar's Standard Pin-on-Disk Tribometer and the average friction coefficients were calculated from the frictional data of these composites at stable wear stages. The wear rates of EG/PES/PI composites could be computed according to the following Equations: 26,27…”
Expanded graphite (EG) particles were introduced into the polyimide (PI) and polyethersulfone (PES) blend to enhance the dynamic thermomechanical and tribological performances of this polymer composite at evaluated temperatures ranging from room temperature to 250°C. The influences of EG dosage, evaluated temperature and vertical loads on the high‐temperature tribological behaviors, worn surface morphologies and wear mechanisms of EG/PES/PI composites were analyzed. Experimental results suggest that tensile strength, dynamic storage modulus, glass transition temperature as well as thermal stability of EG/PES/PI composites are superior to those of the PES/PI blend and they are raised as the EG additions increase. Whether at room temperature or at the high temperature of 250°C, the EG/PES/PI composites display the better friction‐reducing and abrasion resistant performances than the PES/PI blend. Among all these composites, the 7.0 wt% EG/PES/PI composite demonstrates the best friction and wear properties (0.23, 5.68 × 10−16 m3/[N·m]) at evaluated temperatures. The noticeable improvement in abrasive property of EG/PES/PI composites at high‐evaluated temperatures stems from extraordinary porous microstructures and outstanding lubrication characteristics of EG particles as well as the formation of uniform self‐lubricating polymer tribofilms. This composite as antifriction and wear‐resistant materials possesses potential applications in high‐temperature engineering tribology, such as rolling bearing retainer, and so forth.
“…Polyimide (PI) resin matrix composites which have excellent electrical, thermal and mechanical stability have gained important applications in aviation equipment, such as wings and airframes of military aircraft, reverser stang fairings, ultra-high-speed fan blades. [1][2][3] After years of work by researchers, [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] composites prepared from PI resin have formed a multilevel material system with temperature resistance ranging from low to high. Currently, the most widely used thermosetting PIs include nadic anhydride-terminated PIs, nitrile-terminated PIs and phenylethynyl-terminated PIs.…”
In this work, carbon fiber reinforced polyimide (CF/PI) composites via surface modification using metal mesh were obtained. The interfacial adhesion performance of metal mesh and composites, mechanical properties and electrical properties of composites were characterized. The results revealed that introducing metal mesh on CF/PI composites surface obviously decreased the resistivity of composites, which was of great significance for lightning protection.For the mechanical properties, the short-beam shear strength and flexural properties of modified composites slightly declined, and the failure mode of samples did not change significantly. From microscopic failure morphology and finite element analysis, it can be illustrated that the crack generated from edge may lead to the mechanical properties changes of metal mesh modified sample. Based on practical application condition, the performance change rule of modified composite system after thermal treatment was also reported. This study enables a surface modification thought as a promising way for the application of high temperature resistant CF/PI composite system.
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