Tribological, physicochemical and thermal study of the abrupt friction transition during carbon/carbon composite friction

Kasem, Haytam; Bonnamy, Sylvie; Berthier, Yves; Dufrenoy, Philippe; Jacquemard, Pascale

doi:10.1016/j.wear.2008.12.076

Cited by 34 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Goudier et al observed a low to high friction and wear transition at 300˝C which could be attributed to the onset of oxidation [17]. Kasem et al observed a similar transition already in the temperature range 130-180˝C [18]. The same effect may also explain the results of Stadler et al who reported on an increase of the COF and wear volume with increasing graphite content in the high temperature range, and an undesired low COF at ambient temperature in a metal matrix composite (MMC) pad rubbing against a C/C-SiC ceramic brake disc [19].…”

Section: Addition Of Graphitementioning

confidence: 92%

The Role of Solid Lubricants for Brake Friction Materials

Österle

Дмитриев

2016

Lubricants

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This review article comprises of three parts. Firstly, reports of brake manufacturers on the beneficial impact of solid lubricants for pad formulations are surveyed. Secondly, since tribofilms were identified to play a crucial role in friction stabilization and wear reduction, the knowledge about tribofilm structures formed during automotive braking was reviewed comprehensively. Finally, a model for simulating the sliding behavior of tribofilms is suggested and a review on modelling efforts with different model structures related to real tribofilms will be presented. Although the variety of friction composites involved in commercial brake systems is very broad, striking similarities were observed in respect to tribofilm nanostructures. Thus, a generalization of the tribofilm nanostructure is suggested and prerequisites for smooth sliding performance and minimal wear rates have been identified. A minimum of 13 vol % of soft inclusions embedded in an iron oxide based tribofilm is crucial for obtaining the desired properties. As long as the solid lubricants or their reaction products are softer than magnetite, the main constituent of the tribofilm, the model predicts smooth sliding and minimum wear.

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Section: Addition Of Graphitementioning

confidence: 92%

The Role of Solid Lubricants for Brake Friction Materials

Österle

Дмитриев

2016

Lubricants

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“…The friction performance of carbon/carbon composite materials in ambient conditions has been investigated by several authors [3,7,8,9] and the same general trends have been observed in relation to the variation of the friction coefficient with surface temperature. This, together with surface morphology examination, has enabled three distinct friction regimes to be identified.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 68%

“…The COF falls from its peak value and remains fairly constant at a higher value than the COF at ambient temperature. The relationship between the surface morphology, COF and temperature is however more complex and the friction behaviour of carbon/carbon composites has also been shown to be strongly affected by the level of energy input [7,10,11,12,13], friction surface condition [14], ambient conditions [7,9,15,16,17] along with fibre type and orientation [18,19,20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of a carbon/carbon multi-plate clutch for a high energy, race car application

Kalare¹,

Brooks²,

Barton³

2016

IJVP

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The torque output of a carbon/carbon multi-plate Formula One clutch during race starts has proved to be both unstable and inconsistent. A specially designed single clutch-plate interface dynamometer (SCID) showed the formation of narrow (~2mm), high-temperature (1300-1650°C) hot bands during tests replicating race start conditions, suggesting that less than 15% of the full friction surface areas were in contact. A thermomechanically coupled finite element analysis (TCFEA) was developed to simulate the thermomechanical behaviour of the clutch plates during SCID testing. With allowance for wear, the TCFEA closely replicated the SCID results. Both the SCID and TCFEA demonstrated no radial movement of the hot bands during single engagements indicating that torque instability is due to surface morphology effects alone. The hot band migration observed between successive SCID engagements indicated that torque inconsistency is due to both surface morphology and hot band migration effects.

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“…Finally, the main growth direction of Al4C3 was longitudinal During friction, the entire graphite lubricating film can be formed on the worn surface of C/C-Al-Mg composites with metal particles, as shown in Figure 8b. The formation of stable transfer layer protected the mating surfaces from further direct contact, leading to mild wear [42][43][44][45][46][47]. The metal particles in the carbon matrix provided protection to the softer matrix during abrasive sliding and strengthened the matrix.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Al–Mg Alloy Infiltration on Mechanical and Electrical Properties for Carbon/Carbon Composites

2018

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Under vacuum Al-Mg alloy, liquids were successfully infiltrated into carbon/carbon (C/C) composites at high temperatures. Then, the mechanical properties, the metallographics, the scanning electron microscope images, the transmission electron microscope images, the X-ray diffraction images, and the energy dispersive spectroscopy results of C/C-Al-Mg composites were analyzed. The result showed that the bending property of C/C-Al-Mg composites reached 183 MPa whereas that of C/C composites totaled 165 MPa. The compressive strength of C/C-Al-Mg measured 206 MPa whereas that of C/C composites amounted to 142 MPa. The flexural strength and compressive strengths of the steeped metal sliders measured 121 and 104 MPa, respectively. The alloy liquid infiltrated into the matrix by forming a "network conduction" structure which reduced the resistivity and improved the conductivity of the composites. The resistivity of C/C-Al-Mg totaled 1.63 µΩm whereas that of C/C was 3.56 µΩm. During infiltration, an excellent wettability was observed between Al and the carbon matrix due to the existence of Al 4 C 3 . The friction coefficients of C/C, the steeped metal slide, and C/Al-Mg were 0.152, 0.068, and 0.189, respectively. The properties of C/C-Al-Mg composites meet the performance requirements of locomotive pantograph sliders.

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Tribological, physicochemical and thermal study of the abrupt friction transition during carbon/carbon composite friction

Cited by 34 publications

References 19 publications

The Role of Solid Lubricants for Brake Friction Materials

The Role of Solid Lubricants for Brake Friction Materials

Characterisation of a carbon/carbon multi-plate clutch for a high energy, race car application

Effect of Al–Mg Alloy Infiltration on Mechanical and Electrical Properties for Carbon/Carbon Composites

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