Tribological evaluation of coconut oil as an environment-friendly lubricant

Jayadas, N. H.; Nair, K. Prabhakaran; Ajithkumar, G.

doi:10.1016/j.triboint.2005.09.021

Cited by 201 publications

(116 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Bio-lubricant felt can be used as an alternative to replace lubricants from petroleum as it has suitable properties and can be renewed. Compared with a lubricant, bio-lubricant has a high degree of lubricity, high viscosity index, high flash point and low volatility [5][6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

Annisa

Widayat

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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Abstract. Since long time ago, petroleum oil has been used as a lubricant in motor vehicles. But, the uses of lubricants petroleum can pollute the environment and disrupt marine ecosystems and terrestrial. On the other hand, the use of lubricants in the world in 2008 reached 46 million kiloliters/year and increased by 2% every year. The future prospect the uses of lubricant petroleum on the vehicle's engine is predicted to have a bad prospect. Thus began research to identify suitable materials to replace petroleum based lubricants. It can produce from vegetable oils and animals oils by chemical modification. But, bio-lubricant properties are easily damaged so we need more research to improve the shelf life of the bio-lubricant. The research must be done to improve the characteristics by adding a bio-lubricant additive.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

Annisa

Widayat

2018

MATEC Web Conf.

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“…At this concentration, ZDDP is believed to be competing for the available oxygen to reduce oxide formation. ZDDP is able to protect the metal surface from rapid oxidation and wear since ZDDP can form a low shear strength layer of iron compounds (iron sulphide and iron phosphide) [16]. In addition, ZDDP seems to be a good anti-wear agent due to phosphates content which is very reactive towards metal surface to form a polymer-like layer on the surface during friction [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At such a state, shear stress of the tribo lm also might be high, hence contributing to high coe cient of friction. This is because ZDDP additive can function e ectively as friction-reducing property depending on the shear strength of the protective lm formed [16]. Besides, coe cient of friction of PK + 1% ZDDP is higher at the beginning until 1800 s, because the asperities of the sliding surfaces are attened at that time, but the values seem to drop and become stable after the equilibrium friction force conditions are realized.…”

Section: Worn Surface Analysismentioning

confidence: 98%

“…It was found that Karanja oil is a better lubricant than commercial mineral oil (SAE 20W 40) at a concentration of 2.0 wt% of the ZDDP. Another research done by Jayadas et al [16] proved that ZDDP functions well as an antiwear and Extreme Pressure (EP) agent in coconut oil. Tribological properties of coconut oil were tested using a four-ball tester as per ASTM D2783.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tribological behavior of refined, bleached and deodorized palm kernel as an alternative lubricant

Farhanah

Samion

2017

Scientia Iranica

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Abstract. The e ects of zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) concentration on tribological behavior of the Re ned, Bleached, and Deodorized (RBD) palm kernel were analyzed using a pin-on-disk tribotester. RBD palm kernel was selected as a base lubricant due to its availability, low price, renewability, and being environmentally friendly. Commercial mineral oil (SAE 40) was used for comparison. The tests were performed at 2.5 m/s sliding speed under 9.8 N applied load for 60 minutes at 25 C temperature ( 2 C). Worn surface of the pin was measured by the optical microscope to understand the wear mechanism involved. Compared with SAE 40, experimental results show that the addition of 5 wt% of ZDDP reduced the coe cient of friction to 21%. However, the anti-wear property was still lower, approximately at 23%. Besides, the tribological behavior of RBD palm kernel was improved with ZDDP additive concentration above 1 wt% where the best performance was at 5 wt%. At this concentration level, ZDDP additive was able to protect the surface against wear and oxidation and, at the same time, reduce coe cient of friction, wear rate, and surface roughness values.

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“…Being highly resistant to oxidative depletion, coconut oil produces least amount of oxides and peroxides, which could otherwise be toxic to living beings. Tribological characterization of coconut oil proved that, it can reduce wear and friction between relatively moving metal bodies [30]. Emulsifiers used were obtained commercially and they were derived products of renewable and non-toxic natural resources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eco-Friendly, Non-Toxic Cutting Fluid for Sustainable Manufacturing and Machining Processes

Somashekaraiah

Suvin²,

Gnanadhas

et al. 2016

Tribology Online

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Mineral oils, chemically synthesized emulsifiers, and additives are the basic ingredients of commercially available metal working fluids. Its application in metal cutting have earned widespread acceptance all over the world. However, their harmful effects on the environment and life threatening health hazards to workers are of great concern and calls for a better alternative. In this present study a green metalworking fluid / green cutting fluid (GCF) was formulated and the performance was evaluated comparing with the commercial metal working fluid (COM) used in industries for machining processes. The obtained eco-friendly formulation has material properties equivalent to the commercial formulation without any environmental hazard. GCF is comparable to COM in corrosion prevention, inhibition of microbial growth and other machining processes. It was reported that vegetable oil based green cutting fluids have more of Gram-negative bacterial growth where as mineral oil based ones have more of Gram-positive bacteria. These bacteria cause environmental hazards and antimicrobials can be included for better antimicrobial properties. GCF supersedes COM by being non-toxic at LC50 >1000 mg/L and COM being toxic at LC50 < 100 mg/L according to OECD 203 tests methods. GCF, produced only from renewable sources is non-toxic and biodegradable and helps contribute towards green and sustainable manufacturing processes without any environmental pollution or hazards.

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Tribological evaluation of coconut oil as an environment-friendly lubricant

Cited by 201 publications

References 10 publications

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

A Review of Bio-lubricant Production from Vegetable Oils Using Esterification Transesterification Process

Tribological behavior of refined, bleached and deodorized palm kernel as an alternative lubricant

Eco-Friendly, Non-Toxic Cutting Fluid for Sustainable Manufacturing and Machining Processes

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