“…By contrast, when adhesive wear occurs on the surface of pins (such as the first and the second specimens), the signal strength value is much larger than in abrasive wear (in the first and second specimens, their signal strength value is 3.28 × 10 3 mVs and 3.674 × 3 mVs respectively, which is around 190 times larger than that in the third and fourth specimens). This means the value of the signal strength of adhesive wear is much larger than abrasive wear, which is in agreement with the results of [102]. Therefore, adhesive wear is the main mode of wear in low rotational speed pin connections, and it can seriously affect the health condition of low rotational speed pin connections.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…Korchuganov et al [98] studied the relationship between AE signals and wear modes when a steel sample slid on the surface of a diabase stone. Wear forms include abrasive wear [99], adhesive wear [100], erosive wear [101], fatigue wear [102], and corrosive wear [103]. Among the five wear forms, abrasive wear and adhesive wear are the main forms of wear that may occur in the pin connections.…”
Pin connections are one of the most important connecting forms and they have been widely used in engineering fields. In its service, pin connections are subject to wear, and it will be beneficial if the health condition of pin connections can be monitored in real time. In this paper, an acoustic emission (AE)-based method was developed to monitor wear degree of low rotational speed pin connections in real time in a nondestructive way. Most pin connections are operated at low rotational speed. To facilitate the research, an experimental apparatus to accelerate the wear test of low rotational speed pin connections was designed and fabricated. The piezoceramic AE sensor was mounted on the test apparatus in a nondestructive way, and it was capable of real-time monitoring. Accelerated wear tests of low rotational speed pin connections were conducted. To verify the results of the AE technique, a VHX-600E digital (from Keyence, Osaka, Japan) microscope was applied to observe the micrographs of the tested pins. The experimental results show that AE activity existed throughout the entire wear process, and it was the most prominent in the serious wear phase. The wear degree of the pin connections can be reflected qualitatively by the signal strength and the accumulative signal strength of the AE signals. In addition, two different wear forms can be distinguished by comparing the signal strength values of all specimens. Micrographs of all specimens confirm these results, and determine that the two wear forms include adhesive wear and abrasive wear. Furthermore, AE results demonstrated that adhesive wear is the main mode of wear for the low rotational speed pin connections, and the signal strength of the adhesive wear is around 190 times larger than that of abrasive wear. This feasibility study demonstrated that the developed acoustic emission technique can be utilized in the wear monitoring of pin connections in real time in a nondestructive way.
“…By contrast, when adhesive wear occurs on the surface of pins (such as the first and the second specimens), the signal strength value is much larger than in abrasive wear (in the first and second specimens, their signal strength value is 3.28 × 10 3 mVs and 3.674 × 3 mVs respectively, which is around 190 times larger than that in the third and fourth specimens). This means the value of the signal strength of adhesive wear is much larger than abrasive wear, which is in agreement with the results of [102]. Therefore, adhesive wear is the main mode of wear in low rotational speed pin connections, and it can seriously affect the health condition of low rotational speed pin connections.…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 89%
“…Korchuganov et al [98] studied the relationship between AE signals and wear modes when a steel sample slid on the surface of a diabase stone. Wear forms include abrasive wear [99], adhesive wear [100], erosive wear [101], fatigue wear [102], and corrosive wear [103]. Among the five wear forms, abrasive wear and adhesive wear are the main forms of wear that may occur in the pin connections.…”
Pin connections are one of the most important connecting forms and they have been widely used in engineering fields. In its service, pin connections are subject to wear, and it will be beneficial if the health condition of pin connections can be monitored in real time. In this paper, an acoustic emission (AE)-based method was developed to monitor wear degree of low rotational speed pin connections in real time in a nondestructive way. Most pin connections are operated at low rotational speed. To facilitate the research, an experimental apparatus to accelerate the wear test of low rotational speed pin connections was designed and fabricated. The piezoceramic AE sensor was mounted on the test apparatus in a nondestructive way, and it was capable of real-time monitoring. Accelerated wear tests of low rotational speed pin connections were conducted. To verify the results of the AE technique, a VHX-600E digital (from Keyence, Osaka, Japan) microscope was applied to observe the micrographs of the tested pins. The experimental results show that AE activity existed throughout the entire wear process, and it was the most prominent in the serious wear phase. The wear degree of the pin connections can be reflected qualitatively by the signal strength and the accumulative signal strength of the AE signals. In addition, two different wear forms can be distinguished by comparing the signal strength values of all specimens. Micrographs of all specimens confirm these results, and determine that the two wear forms include adhesive wear and abrasive wear. Furthermore, AE results demonstrated that adhesive wear is the main mode of wear for the low rotational speed pin connections, and the signal strength of the adhesive wear is around 190 times larger than that of abrasive wear. This feasibility study demonstrated that the developed acoustic emission technique can be utilized in the wear monitoring of pin connections in real time in a nondestructive way.
“…According to Ref. [ 74 ], the adhesive wear is more severe than the abrasive wear, therefore, the wear degree of the first and the second specimens is more severe than the third and the fourth specimens.…”
Section: Experimental Results and Ae Parameter-based Analysesmentioning
Pin connections are commonly used in many engineering fields, and continuous operation may cause severe wear on the pins and may lead to their eventual fracture, if undetected. However, a reliable nonintrusive real-time method to monitor the wear of pin connections is yet to be developed. In this paper, acoustic emission (AE)-based parametric analysis methods, including the logarithm of the cumulative energy (LAE), the logarithm of the slope of cumulative energy (LSCE), the b-value method, the Ib-value method, and the fast Fourier transformation (FFT), were developed to quantify the wear degree of pin connections. The b-value method offers a criterion to quickly judge whether severe wear occurs on a pin connection. To assist the research, an experimental apparatus to accelerate wear test of pin connections was designed and fabricated. The AE sensor, mounted on the test apparatus in a nondestructive manner, is capable of real-time monitoring. The micrographs of the wear of pins, and the surface roughness of pins, verified that the values of the max LAE and the max LSCE became larger as the wear degree of pin connections increased, which means different values of the max LAE and the max LSCE can reflect different wear degree of pin connections. Meanwhile, the results of the micrographs and surface roughness confirmed that the b-value is an effective method to identify severe wear, and the value “1” can be used as a criterion to detect severe damage in different structures. Furthermore, the results of spectrum analysis in the low frequency range showed that the wear frequency was concentrated in the range of 0.01 to 0.02 MHz for the pin connection. This study demonstrated that these methods, developed based on acoustic emission technique, can be utilized in quantifying the wear degree of pin connections in a nondestructive way.
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