Triarchic psychopathy and deficits in facial affect recognition

Mowle, Elyse N.; Edens, John F.; Ruchensky, Jared R.; Penson, Brittany N.

doi:10.1111/jopy.12386

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…While callousness has been studied extensively within the youth psychopathy literature, with considerable evidence emerging for a critical distinction between conduct disorder with and without callous–unemotional traits (e.g., Frick et al, 2014; Viding & Kimonis, 2018), recent work has sought to index and validate this construct in adults (Brislin et al, 2017; Kimonis, Branch, Hagman, Graham, & Miller, 2013). Initial evidence from studies assessing callousness in adults provides evidence for emotional-reactivity deficits similar to those found in highly callous youth (Brislin et al, 2017; Fanti, Panayiotou, Kyranides, & Avraamides, 2016; Kyranides, Fanti, & Panayiotou, 2015; Mowle, Edens, Ruchensky, & Penson, 2018). However, research of this kind has yet to integrate data from the domains of physiology and behavior to better understand the time course of aberrant neural responding and its relationship to behavioral-recognition effects indicative of decreased emotional sensitivity.…”

Section: Dispositional Callousness In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Callousness and Affective Face Processing: Clarifying the Neural Basis of Behavioral-Recognition Deficits Through the Use of Brain Event-Related Potentials

Brislin

Patrick

2019

Clinical Psychological Science

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Callousness encompasses a lack of guilt, shallow affect, and deficient affiliative tendencies and relates to severe antisocial behavior. Across developmental stages, callousness is associated with abnormalities in emotional processing, including decreased physiological reactivity to emotional faces. The current study recruited an adult participant sample to investigate selective associations of callousness with deficits in behavioral performance and reduced neurophysiological response within a face-processing task. Participants who scored higher in callousness demonstrated decreased reactivity to fearful faces across temporal components of the electrocortical response along with reduced accuracy in identifying fearful faces. Further analyses demonstrated that late-positive potential amplitude alone was related to behavioral response and mediated the association between callousness and impaired recognition of fearful faces. These findings clarify the nature of face-processing deficits in relation to callousness and have implications for biologically informed interventions to reduce antisocial behavior.

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Section: Dispositional Callousness In Adultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Callousness and Affective Face Processing: Clarifying the Neural Basis of Behavioral-Recognition Deficits Through the Use of Brain Event-Related Potentials

Brislin

Patrick

2019

Clinical Psychological Science

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“…The task was based on the pictures of facial affect (PFA) test, a categorization task, which had been used in previous studies (Frommann et al, 2013;Luckhaus et al, 2013). Stimuli were chosen from the NimStim Set of Facial Expressions, a database with over 600 full color emotional stimuli (Tottenham et al, 2009), which has widely been used for research purposes (Houston et al, 2018;Mowle et al, 2019).…”

Section: Facial Emotion Recognition Taskmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach and Avoidance Behavior in Female Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

Wiesenfeller

Flasbeck

Brown

et al. 2020

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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ObjectivesBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is portrayed by unstable relationships, fears of abandonment and heightened sensitivity to social rejection. Research has shown that these characteristics may lead to inappropriate social behavior including altered approach-avoidance behavior. However, it has remained unclear how social exclusion may affect approach-avoidance behavior in patients with BPD.DesignWe assessed social approach-avoidance behavior and the impact of social exclusion in a sample of 38 patients with BPD and 40 healthy control participants.MethodsWe used an explicit joystick-based approach-avoidance task (AAT) after playing a virtual ball-tossing game (Cyberball), which simulates the exclusion of the participant by two other players. In the AAT, participants were required to push or pull emotional stimuli, more specifically happy and angry facial expressions, with either direct or averted gaze direction.ResultsPatients with BPD approached happy stimuli less and showed overall less differential approach-avoidance behavior toward individuals expressing positive or negative facial emotions compared to healthy participants, who showed more approach behavior for happy compared to angry facial expressions. Moreover, borderline symptom severity correlated inversely with the AAT score for happy facial expressions and positively with subjective unpleasantness during social exclusion as well as rejection sensitivity. However, social exclusion did not influence approach-avoidance tendencies.ConclusionPatients with BPD showed altered approach-avoidance behavior, which might affect social interactions in the patient’s everyday lives and may therefore impede social interaction.

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“…To establish an ESSS relevant to college students, Study 1 drew upon standard procedures used by previous scholars to examine emotional systems [16]. At present, the emotion picture is one of the most commonly used emotion priming materials in emotion research, and contains a wide range of emotion types, with good reliability and validity [17,18]. Study 2 aimed to examine the calibration validity of the ESSS as well as ecological validity.…”

Section: Design and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…pictures of women (No 1,3,5,7,8,9,10,11,13,14,16,18,19). and 13 pictures of men (No 21,22,26,29,30,34,35,37,38,39,40,42,.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Can situations awaken emotions? The compilation and evaluation of the Emotional Situation Sentence System (ESSS)

et al. 2021

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We aimed to establish and evaluate a standardized emotional situation sentence system (ESSS) relevant to the lives of college students to supplement prior literature and adapt to the needs of emotional research. Two studies were designed for this research; study 1 examined the effect of words in the ESSS and study 2 involved the use of pictures. For Study 1, 778 items were selected by 607 college students and 15 experts. We then tested the scale with 80 undergraduate participants. The ESSS sentences were rated on their degree of valence, arousal, and dominance using a 9-point scale. Cronbach’s α (greater than 0.986) of the overall score as well as each sub-score in the three components confirmed the scale’s reliability. As seen on a scatter plot, the results suggest that negative emotions (fear, disgust, anger, sadness, anxiety) are convergent and different from the distribution of positive (happiness) and neutral emotions. Study 2 included 30 participants to compare the difference in valence and arousal between the ESSS and emotional pictures. The results indicate that the ESSS is a standardized, situational, and ecological emotional contextual text system, well-suited to invoke emotion in college students. The ESSS has significantly better arousal and potency than pictures; moreover, it can be applied to experimental studies of anxiety-related emotions. However, emotion pictures have shorter response times, and wider application ranges, and they can include more cross-cultural characteristics compared to words.

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Triarchic psychopathy and deficits in facial affect recognition

Abstract: We conclude that deficient emotion processing in psychopathic individuals may be specific to ambiguous affective expressions. We discuss implications for the study of psychopathy and emotion processing.

Cited by 9 publications

References 67 publications

Callousness and Affective Face Processing: Clarifying the Neural Basis of Behavioral-Recognition Deficits Through the Use of Brain Event-Related Potentials

Callousness and Affective Face Processing: Clarifying the Neural Basis of Behavioral-Recognition Deficits Through the Use of Brain Event-Related Potentials

Approach and Avoidance Behavior in Female Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

Can situations awaken emotions? The compilation and evaluation of the Emotional Situation Sentence System (ESSS)

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