Três décadas depois: a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987 e o debate (inconcluso) da reforma agrária no Brasil / Thirty years later: brazilian 1987 constitutional assembly and the debate of agrarian reform

Abstract

O artigo objetiva analisar a Assembleia Nacional Constituinte na perspectiva das discussões sobre a reforma agrária no Brasil. Trata-se de um estudo histórico da formação de uma compreensão sobre o direito de propriedade e os reflexos dessa compreensão na estrutura política e jurídica do Brasil. Identifica como cada Constituinte brasileira se posicionou diante da questão agrária. Analisa as discussões da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987 nas comissões temáticas em que foi discutida a reforma agrária. Constitui-se como um estudo crítico do constitucionalismo brasileiro e aponta os limites da Constituição de 1988 no tocante à questão agrária. Utiliza o método histórico e analítico, com pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Conclui pelo retrocesso da Constituição de 1988 no tocante à possíveis alterações da estrutura fundiária brasileira, em razão do modelo de desapropriação para fins de reforma agrária que se inscreveu na Constituição de 1988, a partir da crítica ao funcionamento e deliberações da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte de 1987.AbstractThe article aims to analyze the discussion of Agrarian Reform in the Brazilian 1987 Constitutional Assembly. This is a historical study about the understanding of the right of ownership and the consequences of this understanding in the political and legal structure in Brazil. It identifies how each Brazilian Constitutional Assembly discussed the Agrarian Reform. It also analyzes all thematic committees regarding Agrarian Reform that were discussed in the 1987 Constitutional Assembly. The article is a critical study of Brazilian 1988 Constitution and it is a historical and documentary research. It concludes that the Brazilian 1988 Constitution still kept the same agrarian structure and contributed very little to change the legal provision of land expropriation that Agrarian Reform required.KeywordsRight of ownership. Agrarian reform. Constitutional Assembly.

Emancipatory Urban Greening in the Global South: Interdisciplinary and Intercultural Dialogues and the Role of Traditional and Peasant Peoples and Communities in Brazil

“…These factors are strategic to understand the weight of political conservatism and the bases of neoextractivism in the country's development model remains hegemonic, with the increasing weakening of the developmental and industrial model forged after World War II. For authors such as Maia and Oliveira (2017), there was even a setback in the agrarian reform compared to the existing Constitution during the military dictatorship period. The result practically made agrarian reform unfeasible in the country due to bureaucratic requirements that favored only the large landowners, such as the payment required for the indemnity due to expropriations for social interest, as well as other gaps in the infraconstitutional legal provisions that hindered its implementation.…”