Trends in percutaneous coronary intervention and angiography in Ireland, 2004–2011: Implications for Ireland and Europe

Abstract

Background/objectivesTo study temporal trends in crude and age standardised rates of cardiac catheterisation and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in Ireland, 2004–2011.MethodsTwo data sources were used: a) a survey of publicly and privately funded hospitals with cardiac catheter laboratories to obtain the annual number of procedures performed and b) anonymised data from the Hospital In-Patient Enquiry (HIPE) for angiography and PCI in acute publicly funded hospitals; age standardised rates were calculated to study trends over time.ResultsFrom 2004 to 2011 the crude rate of angiography and PCI increased by 47.8% and 35.9% respectively, with rates of 6689 and 1825 per million population in 2011. Following age standardisation, however, PCI activity showed a non-significant decrease over time. The PCI to angiography ratio decreased from 30% to 27% and PCI was performed predominantly for stable coronary heart disease (54%) in 2011.ConclusionAngiography and PCI rates have increased in Ireland but PCI crude and age adjusted rates show divergent trends. While Ireland differs from USA and UK, with a higher proportion of PCI being performed for stable CHD in recent years, little systematic surveillance of cardiological interventions within Europe is available to benchmark improvements in Ireland.

Information Needs in Percutaneous Coronary Artery Intervention: Validation and Reliability Analysis of NPCI-10 Item Scale

“…However, surveillance of cardiac patients has increased due to improvements in pharmacological treatment and revascularization techniques. For example, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has become one of the most widely performed procedures in cardiovascular medicine [3,4]. Therefore, needs of cardiac patients have come to the forefront of contemporary clinical practice.…”

Sex disparities in the assessment and outcomes of chest pain presentations in emergency departments

“…Sex differences in outcome in the clinical presentation for CAD, its early detection and clinical management have been previously reported 7–12. Women wait longer than men before seeking medical advice for coronary symptoms,6 which may be further exacerbated by a greater delay in the evaluation and treatment of their coronary symptoms 8.…”

“…Women wait longer than men before seeking medical advice for coronary symptoms,6 which may be further exacerbated by a greater delay in the evaluation and treatment of their coronary symptoms 8. Further, women who present to the emergency department (ED) with chest pain are treated less aggressively than men with similar conditions, are less likely than men to undergo an ECG or have their cardiac enzymes tested,9 and are less likely than men to undergo a percutaneous coronary intervention,10 or be admitted to a coronary care unit (CCU) or an intensive care unit (ICU) 11. Furthermore, in patients diagnosed with coronary heart disease (CHD), women are less likely than men to be prescribed with recommended medications 12…”

Mechanical Criterion for the Rupture of a Cell Membrane under Compression

“…For instance, minimally invasive surgical procedures often require the use of catheters, which push strongly against the endothelium. Angioplasty and stenting procedures, which have become routine interventions for about eight million patients each year worldwide (3)(4)(5), also apply great compressive stresses on the endothelium and have been shown to lead to substantial endothelial damage (6). Endothelial damage, in turn, may lead to thrombosis (7), a major cause of stroke and myocardial infarction.…”