Trends in Microextraction-Based Methods for the Determination of Sulfonamides in Milk

Abstract

Sulfonamides (SAs) represent a significant category of pharmaceutical compounds due to their effective antimicrobial characteristics. SAs were the first antibiotics to be used in clinical medicine to treat a majority of diseases, since the 1900s. In the dairy farming industry, sulfa drugs are administered to prevent infection, in several countries. This increases the possibility that residual drugs could pass through milk consumption even at low levels. These traces of SAs will be detected and quantified in milk. Therefore, microextraction techniques must be developed to quantify antibiotic residues, taking into consideration the terms of Green Analytical Chemistry as well.

Analysis of Different Methods of Extracting NSAIDs in Biological Fluid Samples for LC-MS/MS Assays: Scoping Review

“…However, even though it has wide use and good analytical performance, LLE has several disadvantages, such as emulsion formation, analyte loss, sample contamination, low sensitivity, automation difficulties, and a need for large sample volumes and organic solvents [58,60,61]. At the present time, LLE is considered an expensive, time-consuming technique and does not meet the current requirements of green analytical chemistry [62].…”

Detecção Simultânea por HPLC/UV de Sulfonamidas em Leite Utilizando Extração por Sorção em Fase de Tecido

“…According to a literature review, numerous studies analyzing sulfonamides in milk by HPLC (Armentano et al, 2018;Duan et al, 2020;Feng et al, 2019;Karageorgou et al, 2016;Kechagia et al, 2017;Li et al, 2015;Liao et al, 2021;Maggira et al, 2019;Manzanares et al, 2014;Nebot et al, 2013;Qi et al, 2018;Tolika et al, 2011;Wang et al, 2016;Wu et al, 2007;Zhang et al, 2019) utilize various compositions and distinct proportions of ACN, MeOH, and an acidic solution or buffer, including acetic or formic acid, as the mobile phase.…”

Magnetic solid-phase extraction of caffeine from surface water samples with a micro–meso porous activated carbon/Fe3O4 nanocomposite prior to its determination by GC-MS

“…However, these techniques exhibit some fundamental limitations since they comprise of time-consuming steps and they require the consumption of high quantities of sample and organic solvents. 14 Compared to the conventional methods for the determination of caffeine, MSPE is rapid and a convenient choice.…”