Trends in mean monthly maximum and minimum surface wind speeds in the coterminous United States, 1961 to 1990

Klink, Katherine

doi:10.3354/cr013193

Cited by 106 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…[23] Pryor et al [2009] and Klink [1999] identify predominantly declining trends of 0.5-1.0% per year for the PNW. These results appear confined mostly to mainland monitoring locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[3] Several studies have examined changes in wind speeds in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) and North America, but these studies come to differing conclusions regarding the trends and relationships to climate parameters with results appearing to depend on the type and amount of data used for analysis [Abeysirigunawardena et al, 2009;Enloe et al, 2004;Gower, 2002;Klink, 1999Klink, , 2002Pryor et al, 2009;Pryor and Ledolter, 2010;Tuller, 2004;Wan et al 2010]. Further, few studies have tried to conduct a comprehensive investigation examining all available observed wind speed data for a particular area.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of location for describing typical and extreme wind speed behavior

Griffin

Kohfeld

Cooper

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

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[1] Several recent studies have considered the potential impact of climate change on regional wind intensity. However, previous wind speed studies in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) present conflicting results for wind speed trends in relation to climate drivers. This study analyzes the percentiles (50th, 75th, and 95th) of the strongly positively skewed distributions for PNW maximum daily wind speeds from 92 meteorological stations, and reveals different behaviors for average and extreme wind speeds. Considerably stronger winds are found at coastal locations compared with sites further inland. Extreme wind speeds at these coastal locations appear to follow an eight to nine-year cyclic pattern, while mainland sites have a small, linear downward wind speed trend. This finding of a behavioral dependence on location helps reconcile previous, apparently contradictory results and has important global implications for wind research and infrastructure planning, such as wind energy feasibility studies and air quality management activities. Citation: Griffin, B. J., K. E. Kohfeld, A. B. Cooper, and G. Boenisch (2010), Importance of location for describing typical and extreme wind speed behavior, Geophys.

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“…[23] Pryor et al [2009] and Klink [1999] identify predominantly declining trends of 0.5-1.0% per year for the PNW. These results appear confined mostly to mainland monitoring locations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Importance of location for describing typical and extreme wind speed behavior

Griffin

Kohfeld

Cooper

et al. 2010

Geophysical Research Letters

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“…In addition, recent studies identified that the downward trends in a given region in different time periods are not consistent. For instance, slight downward trends of − 0.014 (-0.032) and − 0.006 (− 0.038) m s −1 decade −1 were found in Spain (Portugal) for 1961and 1979-2008) (Azorin-Molina et al 2014). Slight downward trends in different time periods have also been reported in Germany, where the SWS declined − 0.01, − 0.02 and − 0.03 m s −1 decade −1 for the periods of 1951-2001, 1988-2006, and 1951, respectively (Walter et al 2006Bormann 2011;Gerstengarbe et al 2004).…”

Section: Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in terrestrial near-surface wind speed and their possible causes: an overview

et al. 2017

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drag forces are caused by changes in the external and internal friction in the atmosphere. Changes in surface friction are mainly caused by changes in the surface roughness due to land use and cover change (LUCC), including urbanization, and changes in internal friction are mainly induced by changes in the boundary layer characteristics. Future studies should compare the spatio-temporal differences in SWS between high and low altitudes and quantify the effects of different factors on the SWS. Additionally, in-depth analysis of extreme SWS events and prediction of future mean and extreme SWS values at global and regional scales are also necessary. Abstract Changes in terrestrial near-surface wind speed (SWS) are induced by a combination of anthropogenic activities and natural climate changes. Thus, the study of the long-term changes of SWS and their causes is very important for recognizing the effects of these processes. Although the slowdown in SWS has been analyzed in previous studies, to the best of knowledge, no overall comparison or detailed examination of this research has been performed. Similarly, the causes of the decreases in SWS and the best directions of future research have not been discussed in depth. Therefore, we analyzed a series of studies reporting SWS trends spanning the last 30 years from around the world. The changes in SWS differ among different regions. The most significant decreases have occurred in Central Asia and North America, with mean linear trends of − 0.11 m s −1 decade −1 ; the second most significant decreases have occurred in Europe, East Asia, and South Asia, with mean linear trends of − 0.08 m s −1 decade −1 ; and the weakest decrease has occurred in Australia. Although the SWS in Africa has decreased, this region lacks long-term observational data. Therefore, the uncertainties in the long-term SWS trend are higher in this region than in other regions. The changes in SWS, caused by a mixture of global-, regional-, and localscale factors, are mainly due to changes in driving forces and drag forces. The changes in the driving forces are caused by changes in atmospheric circulation, and the changes in the Keywords

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“…Pour les hé-misphères Nord et Sud, les augmentations ont été respectivement de 1,74 et 0,77 o C/100 ans et 1,81 et 0,91 o C/100 ans. D'autres travaux ont analysé les changements climatiques à une échelle régionale comme aux États-Unis [41,46,49], au Canada [43], en Chine [64]. En Europe Centrale et du Sud, Brazdil et al [16] ont montré une augmentation des températures minimale et maximale annuelles de 0,52 o C et 0,60 o C pour la période .…”

Section: Introductionunclassified