Trends in local wildlife hunting, trade and control in the Tropical Andes Biodiversity Hotspot, northeastern Peru

Shanee, Noga

doi:10.3354/esr00469

Cited by 111 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…It is possible that the most heavily traded night monkey populations (such as A. nancymaae and A. vociferans ) and some of the rarer species (e.g., A. miconax ) are under excessive pressure from the current international legal and illegal trade [Maldonado et al, 2009;Shanee, 2012;Ruiz-García et al, 2013;Maldonado and Peck, 2014;Shanee et al, 2015b]. It is noteworthy that in countries like Colombia, Peru, and Brazil that have domestic legislation in place that meets the requirements for the implementation of CITES and that have regulatory bodies at provincial and national levels, night monkeys are evidently still subject to illegal cross-border trade.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Relying on information from the literature, the domestic trade of night monkeys appears to be low and rarely quantified in publications when mentioned (but for examples from Colombia, Brazil, and Peru, see Maldonado et al [2009], Levacov et al [2011], and Shanee [2012]). Due to their small body size they are not a preferred meat source, and domestic trade for meat appears limited.…”

Section: Historic Overview Of Night Monkey Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are however reports of night monkeys being hunted for consumption in Venezuela (A. griseimembra) [Lizarralde, 2002], Colombia ( Aotus spp.) [Parathian and Maldonado, 2010;Maldonado, 2012], Ecuador (A. vociferans) [Mena et al, 2000;Zapata-Rios et al, 2009], and Peru (A. miconax) [Altherr, 2007;Shanee, 2012]. Alves et al [2010] report on A. azarae being used in traditional medicine in Bolivia where it is believed to cure dribbling in babies.…”

Section: Historic Overview Of Night Monkey Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 ): A. miconax, A. nancymaae, and A. nigriceps in Peru [Shanee, 2012: Shanee et al, 2015b, A. zonalis in Panama [Altherr, 2007;Svensson, 2008] [Parathian and Maldonado, 2010], A. griseimembra in Venezuela [Lizarralde, 2002], A. azarae in Brazil [Altherr, 2007], and A. lemurinus and A. vociferans in Ecuador [Tirira, 2013;Stafford et al, 2016].…”

Section: Historic Overview Of Night Monkey Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally to these threats, night monkeys have been, and continue to be, traded domestically, regionally, and internationally [Mittermeier et al, 1994;Maldonado et al, 2009;Shanee, 2012;Ruiz-García et al, 2013;Shanee et al, 2015b].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disappearing in the Night: An Overview on Trade and Legislation of Night Monkeys in South and Central America

Svensson

Shanee²,

Shanee³

et al. 2017

IJFP

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The international trade in night monkeys (Aotus spp.), found throughout Central and South America, has been regulated by the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) since 1975. We present a quantitative analysis of this trade from all 9 range countries, over 4 decades, and compare domestic legislation to CITES regulations. Night monkeys were exported from 8 of the 9 habitat countries, totalling 5,968 live individuals and 7,098 specimens, with trade of live individuals declining over time. In terms of species, the most commonly traded was Aotus nancymaae (present in Brazil, Colombia, Peru) followed by A. vociferans (Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru) and A. zonalis (Colombia, Panama). There was no significant correlation between levels of trade and species' geographic range size or the number of countries in which a species occurs. Five countries have legislation that meets CITES requirements for implementation, whereas the other 4 countries' legislation showed deficiencies. Research conducted in Colombia, Peru, and Brazil suggests significant cross-border trade not captured in official international trade registers. Although international trade has diminished, current trends suggest that populations of rarer species may be under unsustainable pressure. Further research is needed to quantify real trade numbers occurring between habitat countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historic Overview Of Night Monkey Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historic Overview Of Night Monkey Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Historic Overview Of Night Monkey Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Disappearing in the Night: An Overview on Trade and Legislation of Night Monkeys in South and Central America

Svensson

Shanee²,

Shanee³

et al. 2017

IJFP

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Diagnostic overview of the illegal trade in primates and law enforcement in Peru

Shanee

Mendoza²,

Shanee

2015

American J Primatol

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Peru has one of the richest primate faunas of any country. The illegal trade in wild primates is one of the largest threats to this fauna in Peru. We characterize the illegal trade in primates through empirical and ethnographic data. We collected data from traffic routes and centers throughout Peru and evaluate current efforts to combat this traffic. Based on our findings from 2,070 instances of wildlife crime involving 6,872 primates, we estimate the domestic trade in primates for pets and bushmeat in Peru in the hundreds of thousands per year, with the larger bodied Atelidae facing the highest direct consequences. We found that government authorities lack sufficient staff, capacity, resources, infrastructure, and protocols to efficiently combat illegal trade in primates. Also, the complicated legal framework and lack of cooperation and antagonism with the public further limit these efforts. Wildlife authorities in Peru are able to confiscate only a fraction of primates traded and mostly intervene in cases of private pet owners rather than traffickers. We estimate that the current rate of illegal trade in primates is comparable to levels of trade prior to the 1973 ban on primates' exportation. The combination of direct observations on primate trade and ethnographic data allows a comprehensive look at primate trade in Peru. We call upon decision makers and international funders to channel their efforts toward "on the ground" actions such as increasing the ability of the authorities to act, giving them "in action" training in law enforcement and establishing strict control measures against corruption. Am. J. Primatol. 79:e22516, 2017. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Illegal captive lemurs in Madagascar: Comparing the use of online and in‐person data collection methods

Reuter¹,

Schaefer

2016

American J Primatol

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Although it is illegal to capture, sell, and trade lemurs, the live capture of lemurs in Madagascar is ongoing and may have impacted over 28,000 lemurs between 2010 and 2013. Only one study has examined this trade and did so using in-person interviews in northern Madagascar. The current study sought to expand this existing dataset and examine the comparability of online surveys to more traditional on-location data collection methods. In this study, we collected data through a web-based survey resulting in 302 sightings of 685 captive lemurs. We also collected data from 171 hotel and 43 restaurant websites and social media profiles. Survey submissions included sightings of 30 species from 10 genera, nearly twice as many species as identified via the in-person interviews. Lemur catta, Varecia variegata, and Eulemur fulvus were the most common species sighted in captivity. Captive lemurs were reported in 19 of Madagascar's 22 administrative regions and most were seen in urban areas near their habitat ranges. This represents a wider geographic distribution of captive lemurs than previously found through in-person interviews. The online survey results were broadly similar to those of the in-person surveys though greater in species and geographic diversity demonstrating advantages to the use of online surveys. The online research methods were low in cost (USD $100) compared to on-location data collection (USD $12,000). Identified disadvantages included sample bias; most of the respondents to the online survey were researchers and many captive sightings were near study sites. The results illustrate the benefits of incorporating a social science approach using online surveys as a complement to traditional fieldwork. Am. J. Primatol. 79:e22541, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

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Trends in local wildlife hunting, trade and control in the Tropical Andes Biodiversity Hotspot, northeastern Peru

Cited by 111 publications

References 19 publications

Disappearing in the Night: An Overview on Trade and Legislation of Night Monkeys in South and Central America

Disappearing in the Night: An Overview on Trade and Legislation of Night Monkeys in South and Central America

Diagnostic overview of the illegal trade in primates and law enforcement in Peru

Illegal captive lemurs in Madagascar: Comparing the use of online and in‐person data collection methods

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