Trends in frequency and duration of tobacco habit in relation to potentially malignant lesion: A 3 years retrospective study

Abstract

Background:Oral cancer is one of the most debilitating and disfiguring of all malignancies; it is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in the body. The high incidence of oral cancer in India has been attributed to widespread tobacco usage among the population either in chewable or smoked form.Aim:In the current study, we retrospectively analyzed 191 cases (2007-2009) of potentially malignant oral lesions, which had been biopsied in our hospital, in order to assess their relationship with tobacco usage.Materials and Methods:Based on the histopathology, these lesions were classified as high-risk lesions (HRL), low-risk lesions, and questionable risk lesions. The data obtained were then analyzed to find out the correlation between the occurrence of risk level with various demographic parameters such as age and gender as well as with type, frequency, and duration of tobacco habit.Results:Out of 191 cases, 122 patients reported with tobacco habit (chewers, smokers, and both) and frequency (<5 and >5 packets/day) were seen in 109 cases and duration (<5 and >5 years) seen in 99 cases. These parameters were correlated with histopathological diagnosis and results showed that both the groups came under the high-risk category. Further analysis of decategorized group (age and gender) was also done.Conclusion:Analysis showed that overall histopathologically diagnosed HRLs were seen more in males and smokers compared to female and chewers, respectively.

Evaluation of salivary and serum lipid peroxidation, and glutathione in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…Therefore, the extent of OS in the body can be convincingly administered by evaluation of MDA and GSH, which were found to be reliable markers. Despite the high prevalence of pre-cancerous lesions in India and their potential to undergo malignant transformation (16), very few studies have evaluated serum and salivary MDA and GSH in oral pre-cancer patients. Hence, the present study was carried out to evaluate and compare serum and salivary MDA and GSH in oral leukoplakia and OSCC patients, and to establish the diagnostic efficacy of saliva in evaluating salivary levels of MDA and GSH in oral pre-cancer and OSCC patients.…”

Oral Submucous Fibrosis - A Condition with Increasing Potential for Malignancy

“…4 OSMF a precancerous condition as we know, can progress to OSCC, and approximately 30% of oral cancers in India are attributable to areca nut/gutkha chewing. 5 Epidemiological and in vitro experimental studies have shown that chewing areca nut is the major etiological factor for OSMF.…”

“…4 Thus the habit of chewing Gutkha has not only given rise to increased prevalence of OSMF in younger generation but also increased incidence of oral cancer in the same group, shifting the incidence rate of oral cancer from adult age group to younger, which is a global concern.…”

Cross Sectional Study to find out the Prevalence of Tobacco use among High School & Higher Secondary class Students of Government Schools of Bhopal

“…Current use of two or more types of tobacco products was common, even among students who used tobacco products 1-5 days during the preceding 30 days: 77.3% for cigar smokers, 76.9% for cigarette smokers, 63.4% for smokeless tobacco users, and 54.8% for e-cigarettes users. In one retrospective study conducted by Garget.al (20) in Barananki, Uttar Pradesh, 81.7% consumed tobacco more than five times a day.…”