Trends in Diet Quality Among Youth in the United States, 1999-2016

Liu, Junxiu; Rehm, Jürgen; Onopa, Jennifer; Mozaffarian, Dariush

doi:10.1001/jama.2020.0878

Cited by 173 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Lastly, similar to what was observed at the national level [4, 7,28], children in our sample, regardless of age and sex, consumed more added sugars than recommended by the AHA. Differences in added sugar intake across parental perception categories were only observed for 4-8-year-old children and 9-13-year-old males.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet

et al. 2020

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This study aims to examine children’s fruit, vegetable, and added sugar consumption relative to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans and the American Heart Association’s recommendations, as well as to compare children’s reported consumption with parental perception of the child’s overall diet quality. Data were drawn from 2 independent, cross sectional panels (2009–10 and 2014–15) of the New Jersey Child Health Study. The analytical sample included 2229 households located in five New Jersey cities. Daily consumption of fruit (cups), vegetables (cups), and added sugars (teaspoons) for all children (3–18 years old) were based on parent reports. Multivariate linear regression analyses estimated children’s adjusted fruit, vegetable, and added sugar consumption across parents’ perception categories (Disagree; Somewhat Agree; and Strongly Agree that their child eats healthy). Although only a small proportion of children meet recommendations, the majority of parents strongly agreed that their child ate healthy. Nonetheless, significant differences, in the expected direction, were observed in vegetable and fruit consumption (but not sugar) across parental perceptional categories for most age/sex groups. Dietary interventions tailored to parents should include specific quantity and serving-size information for fruit and vegetable recommendations, based on their child’s age/sex, and highlight sources of added sugar and their sugar content.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet

et al. 2020

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“…These scores indicate low consumption of foods with higher nutrient density and moderate to high consumption of refined grains, sodium, and saturated fats. Children’s diets came close to meeting the maximum scores for dairy and total protein foods (Liu, Rehm, Onopa, & Mozafarrian, 2020).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 96%

Development of a Family‐Based Nutrition Program Rooted in Food Parenting Literature

Chiong

Gray

Roy

2020

Family & Consum Sci Res J

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Family‐based nutrition programs have been used to support healthy eating; however, few programs emphasize parental roles in regard to food. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a family‐based curriculum with a parenting focus aimed at influencing child obesity risk. Qualitative data in the pilot implementation (cohort 1, n = 6 families with elementary‐aged children) suggested parent value for the following: positive messages, hands‐on learning, and group sharing. However, Family Nutrition and Physical Activity scores for cohorts 2–6 (n = 18 families) did not change significantly from pre‐ to postprogram. Future implementations will consider more robust ways of assessing change and recruiting participants at various stages of change.

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“…In more recent years, with growing public awareness of the critical role of nutrition in overall health, some aspects of US diet quality have modestly improved, such as reductions in soda and small increases in whole grains, fruits, and nuts/seeds ( 22 , 23 ). Nevertheless, intakes of these and other healthful components remain far below dietary guidelines, with 45.6% of adults and 56.1% of children continuing to have poor-quality diets overall, and most of the remainder having intermediate-quality diets, with very few Americans having ideal diets ( 22 , 23 ). While less well documented by national surveillance data, the levels and types of food processing have substantially changed in the past 50 y. Ultra-processed foods now contribute ∼60% of all calories in the US food supply ( 24 ).…”

Section: The Burdenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strengthening national nutrition research: rationale and options for a new coordinated federal research effort and authority

Fleischhacker

Woteki

Coates

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background The US faces remarkable food and nutrition challenges. A new federal effort to strengthen and coordinate nutrition research could rapidly generate the evidence base needed to address these multiple national challenges. However, the relevant characteristics of such an effort have been uncertain. Objectives Our aim was to provide an objective, informative summary of 1) the mounting diet-related health burdens facing our nation and corresponding economic, health equity, national security, and sustainability implications; 2) the current federal nutrition research landscape and existing mechanisms for its coordination; 3) the opportunities for and potential impact of new fundamental, clinical, public health, food and agricultural, and translational scientific discoveries; and 4) the various options for further strengthening and coordinating federal nutrition research, including corresponding advantages, disadvantages, and potential executive and legislative considerations. Methods We reviewed government and other published documents on federal nutrition research; held various discussions with expert groups, advocacy organizations, and scientific societies; and held in-person or phone meetings with >50 federal staff in executive and legislative roles, as well as with a variety of other stakeholders in academic, industry, and nongovernment organizations. Results Stark national nutrition challenges were identified. More Americans are sick than are healthy, largely from rising diet-related illnesses. These conditions create tremendous strains on productivity, health care costs, health disparities, government budgets, US economic competitiveness, and military readiness. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has further laid bare these strains, including food insecurity, major diet-related comorbidities for poor outcomes from COVID-19 such as diabetes, hypertension, and obesity, and insufficient surveillance on and coordination of our food system. More than 10 federal departments and agencies currently invest in critical nutrition research, yet with relatively flat investments over several decades. Coordination also remains suboptimal, documented by multiple governmental reports over 50 years. Greater harmonization and expansion of federal investment in nutrition science, not a silo-ing or rearrangement of existing investments, has tremendous potential to generate new discoveries to improve and sustain the health of all Americans. Two identified key strategies to achieve this were as follows: 1) a new authority for robust cross-governmental coordination of nutrition research and other nutrition-related policy and 2) strengthened authority, investment, and coordination for nutrition research within the NIH. These strategies were found to be complementary, together catalyzing important new science, partnerships, coordination, and returns on investment. Additional complementary actions to accelerate federal nutrition research were identified at the USDA. Conclusions The need and opportunities for strengthened federal nutrition research are clear, with specific identified options to help create the new leadership, strategic planning, coordination, and investment the nation requires to address the multiple nutrition-related challenges and grasp the opportunities before us.

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Trends in Diet Quality Among Youth in the United States, 1999-2016

Cited by 173 publications

References 32 publications

Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet

Children’s Consumption Patterns and Their Parent’s Perception of a Healthy Diet

Development of a Family‐Based Nutrition Program Rooted in Food Parenting Literature

Strengthening national nutrition research: rationale and options for a new coordinated federal research effort and authority

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