Trends in development of broad-rand phased arrays for space applications

Evolution of Satellite Communication Antennas on Mobile Ground Terminals

“…Adopting conformal design for arrayed antenna also allows being hosted on the fuselage of an aircraft or the superstructure of yacht [32,33]. Another feature is the scalability because of its modular nature [34]. Once the first module prototype is demonstrated, more modules can be added within minimum down time.…”

Analysis of telescope arrays for deep space optical communications

“…Therefore, even a larger telescope aperture is required to compensate for excessive background noise. One solution to this problem is to put the receiver telescope in a high altitude balloon, a high altitude peak of a mountain [24], or on a satellite in earth orbit where diffused sky background and atmosphere turbulence are reduced or do not exist. Although the required equivalent size of the telescope decreases at higher altitudes, particularly for inorbit satellites, the telescope for a high bit rate link this is still too large to be handled in high altitude balloon or in space and it would cost much more than ground based telescopes.…”

Advances in Scanning Reflectarray Antennas Based on Ferroelectric Thin-Film Phase Shifters for Deep-Space Communications

“…The reflectarray is in the X-Y plane. 1 The actual number of elements is truncated for a practical circular aperture of diameter D inscribed inside the rectangular aperture defined by M x N. 2 In practice, a quadrature (90°) hybrid coupler or equivalent would be used to couple the patch to the phase shifter. Assume that the incident wave is in the minus z direction and right hand circularly polarized (RHCP) such that…”