Trends in anthropogenic CO2 in water masses of the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean

Guallart, Elisa F.; Schuster, Ute; Fajar, Noelia M.; Legge, O.; Brown, Peter J.; Pelejero, Carles; Messias, Marie‐José; Calvo, Eva María; Watson, Andrew J.; Rı́os, Aida F.; Pérez, Fíz F.

doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2014.11.006

Cited by 15 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The important difference in C ant between the two cruises within the AAIW stratum has also been recently noticed by Guallart et al (2015) along 24.5°N. In that study, the authors suggested that, regarding the C ant computation in the AAIW layer, it is important to consider that methods based on CO 2 measurements are particularly sensitive to changes in that water mass.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Anthropogenic CO2 changes in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Fajar

Guallart

Steinfeldt

et al. 2015

Progress in Oceanography

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a b s t r a c tMethods based on CO 2 and chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) data are used to describe and evaluate the anthropogenic CO 2 (C ant ) concentrations, C ant specific inventories, and C ant storage rates in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean. The C ant variability in the water masses is evaluated from the comparison of two hydrographic sections along 7.5°N carried out in 1993 and 2010. During both cruises, high C ant concentrations are detected in the upper layers, with values decreasing progressively towards the deep layers. Overall, the C ant concentrations increase from 1993 to 2010, with a large increment in the upper North AtlanticDeep Water layer of about 0.18 ± 0.03 lmol kg À1 y À1 . In 2010, the C ant inventory along the whole section amounts to 58.9 ± 2.2 and 45.1 ± 2.0 mol m À2 using CO 2 and CFC based methods, respectively, with most C ant accumulating in the western basin. Considering the time elapsed between the two cruises, C ant storage rates of 1.01 ± 0.18 and 0.75 ± 0.17 mol m À2 y À1 (CO 2 and CFC based methods, respectively) are obtained. Below $1000 m, these rates follow the pace expected from a progressive increase of C ant at steady state; above $1000 m, C ant increases faster, mainly due to the retreat of the Antarctic Intermediate Waters.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Anthropogenic CO2 changes in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Fajar

Guallart

Steinfeldt

et al. 2015

Progress in Oceanography

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“…During the 2011 cruise, under the umbrella of the Malaspina project (http://www.expedicionmalaspina.es), 167 full‐depth hydrographic stations were carried out, 13 of them in the Florida Straits [ Hernández‐Guerra et al ., ]. Bottle samples were collected to measure oxygen, nutrients, A T , and pH, and C T was calculated [ Guallart et al ., ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[] and Guallart et al . [] defined their water masses in terms of isopycnal. Because of this, there is a small mismatch in the lower limit of the AAIW, located within the upper layer.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The changes along 24.5°N have been estimated between 1992 and 2011 by Guallart et al . []. The largest C ant changes occur in thermocline waters, up to 1 µmol kg −1 yr −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[] and Guallart et al . []. According to their study, a three‐layer circulation pattern is defined for both sections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transports and budgets of anthropogenic CO₂ in the tropical North Atlantic in 1992–1993 and 2010–2011

Zunino

Pérez

Fajar

et al. 2015

Global Biogeochemical Cycles

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The meridional transport of anthropogenic CO 2 (C ant ) in the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) is investigated using data from transoceanic sections along 7.5°N and 24.5°N, carried out in the early 1990s and 2010s. The net C ant transport across both sections is northward. At 7.5°N, this transport increased from 315 ± 47 kmol s À1 in 1993 to 493 ± 51 kmol s À1 in 2010; similarly, across 24.5°N it grew from 530 ± 46 kmol s À1 in 1992 to 662 ± 49 kmol s À1 in 2011. These changes result from modifications in the intermediate and deep circulation patterns, as well as from C ant increase within the thermocline waters. In deep waters, lateral advection causes a net C ant input of 112 ± 60 kmol s À1 (234 ± 65 kmol s À1 ) in 1992-1993 (2010-2011); within these deep waters, the storage rate of C ant is not statistically different from the net C ant input, 139 ± 21 kmol s À1 (188 ± 21 kmol s À1 ) in 1992-1993 (2010-2011). The C ant increase in deep waters is due to the large injection of C ant across the 24.5°N by the Deep Western Boundary Current and the northward recirculation of North Atlantic Deep Water along 7.5°N. In contrast, a large net C ant output in the upper layer is caused by the Florida Current. Despite this net C ant output, the C ant accumulates at a rate of 215 ± 24 kmol s À1 (291 ± 24 kmol s À1 ) referenced to year 1993 (2010). From the two C ant budgets, we infer a C ant air-sea flux of 0.23 ± 0.02 Pg yr À1 in the TNA, much larger than previous estimates.

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The dynamics of the straw combustion process in the batch-fired straw boiler

Kreft

2017

Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing

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Trends in anthropogenic CO2 in water masses of the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Anthropogenic CO2 changes in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Anthropogenic CO2 changes in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Transports and budgets of anthropogenic CO₂ in the tropical North Atlantic in 1992–1993 and 2010–2011

The dynamics of the straw combustion process in the batch-fired straw boiler

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Trends in anthropogenic CO2 in water masses of the Subtropical North Atlantic Ocean

Cited by 15 publications

References 69 publications

Anthropogenic CO2 changes in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Anthropogenic CO2 changes in the Equatorial Atlantic Ocean

Transports and budgets of anthropogenic CO2 in the tropical North Atlantic in 1992–1993 and 2010–2011

The dynamics of the straw combustion process in the batch-fired straw boiler

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Product

Resources

About

Transports and budgets of anthropogenic CO₂ in the tropical North Atlantic in 1992–1993 and 2010–2011