Trends and future challenges of water resources in the Tigris–Euphrates Rivers basin in Iraq

Issa, Irwa; Al‐Ansari, Nadhir; Sherwany, Govand; Knutsson, Sven

doi:10.5194/hessd-10-14617-2013

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The river can't self-purify because of the low level of water and shortage caused by limited rains, the many dams which had been built in Iraq's neighboring countries besides the poor planning with the old methods used in irrigation (Issa et al, 2013;AlObaidy et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Water quality index for Al-Gharraf River, southern Iraq

Ewaid

Abed

2017

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research

191

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a b s t r a c tThe Water Quality Index has been developed mathematically to evaluate the water quality of Al-Gharraf River, the main branch of the Tigris River in the south of Iraq. Water samples were collected monthly from five sampling stations during 2015-2016, and 11 parameters were analyzed: biological oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, the concentration of hydrogen ions, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, phosphates, nitrates, chlorides, as well as turbidity, total hardness, electrical conductivity and alkalinity. The index classified the river water, without including turbidity as a parameter, as good for drinking at the first station, poor at stations 2, 3, 4 and very poor at station 5. When turbidity was included, the index classified the river water as unsuitable for drinking purposes in the entire river. The study highlights the importance of applying the water quality indices which indicate the total effect of the ecological factors on surface water quality and which give a simple interpretation of the monitoring data to help local people in improving water quality.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Water quality index for Al-Gharraf River, southern Iraq

Ewaid

Abed

2017

Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research

191

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“…It decreases towards the north. The annual precipitation ranges from 100 to 1000 mm annually (Issa et al, 2013). The Middle East is one of the most affected regions by the global climate change.…”

Section: Climate Change In the Sarbmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Future of Freshwater in Shatt Al- Arab River (Southern Iraq)

Al-Asadi¹

2017

JGG

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This study uses data from the current rate of population growth, agricultural development and effects of climate change to estimate the future of water demand and the amount of available water in the Shatt Al-Arab River basin. The Shatt Al-Arab River will be facing a freshwater deficit as a result of the decrease of water received from its tributaries. Currently, the river receives freshwater from the Tigris only, as a result to dam construction projects on the tributaries remaining. In 2040, it is expected that the freshwater from the Tigris will not be available to the Shatt Al-Arab; therefore the intrusion of seawater into the river will increase. This may cause a gradual change of water quality in the river from freshwater to seawater. When the Shatt Al-Arab River loses freshwater from all its tributaries the seawater will progress further from Persian Gulf towards the upstream.

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“…The purpose of this project was primary to protect Baghdad and other cities from the flood. And the first irrigation project was Dokan dam built in 1959 on the Tigris River [15,16]. Iraq was rich in its water resources relative to its neighbouring countries.…”

Section: Water Demandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges of Water Resources in Iraq

Abd-El-Mooty¹,

Kansoh²,

Abdulhadi³

2016

Hydrol Current Res

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The current paper emphasizes on the study of the water resources of Iraq. Iraq is facing a dire water crisis due to the decrease in the quantities and degradation in the qualities of the water reaching its borders with the two rivers Tigris and Euphrates. The Euphrates and Tigris rivers provide more than 98% of Iraq's water demands for the various purposes. Degradation of these rivers has become a serious problem. Analysis of the previous studies is made and the available data are collected. Most of the studies reached an important conclusion, Iraq face serious water shortage problem. Analysis and Expectation of the population size, study of the existing agricultural use and expansion of the cultivated land are presented. The consumption of water withdrawals for the three purposes Agricultural, municipal, and industrial use are analyzed and presented in the paper. In addition, the Expectations of the share per capita are made for the Future until 2100, depending on the expectations of population size and amount of water supply. The water power is studied and suggestions for the new plant are made. Furthermore, some of the discharged fresh water to the Arabian Gulf represents a loss of fresh water. Suggestion to save this loss by constructing a new dam to separate between the fresh and salt water upstream Basra city is suggested. Some of the collected data is included in the paper.

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Trends and future challenges of water resources in the Tigris–Euphrates Rivers basin in Iraq

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

Water quality index for Al-Gharraf River, southern Iraq

Water quality index for Al-Gharraf River, southern Iraq

The Future of Freshwater in Shatt Al- Arab River (Southern Iraq)

Challenges of Water Resources in Iraq

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