Treatment with Egg Antigens of Schistosoma mansoni Ameliorates Experimental Colitis in Mice Through a Colonic T-cell–dependent Mechanism

Abstract

Our results demonstrated that the administration of SmSEA reduces the severity of colitis in the adoptive transfer mouse model characterized by an increased Th2 response and a suppressed Th17 response in the colon.

Treatment with Cestode Parasite Antigens Results in Recruitment of CCR2 + Myeloid Cells, the Adoptive Transfer of Which Ameliorates Colitis

“…Many studies show that tissue extracts or E/S products from helminths can suppress mammalian immune cell activation in vitro (29)(30)(31)(32) and ameliorate the severity of inflammatory disease in murine model systems (14,18,19,29,30,33,34). The demonstration herein that systemic administration of a crude extract of adult H. diminuta parasites dosedependently inhibits DSS-induced colitis adds to awareness of the ability of helminth-derived molecules to suppress intestinal inflammation (19,21,35). Mice infected with H. diminuta are protected from colitis induced by intrarectal administration of DNBS (10): daily doses of HdAg also block this disease (21).…”

“…Similarly, and as an alternative to viable infection, systemic administration of helminth-derived antigens can ameliorate colitis in animal models. As examples, the excretory/secretory (E/S) products from adult T. spiralis reduced DSS-induced colitis (18) and S. mansoni egg antigens ameliorated immunemediated colitis (19): in both instances, suppression of TH1 and TH17 cytokines correlated with the beneficial anticolitic effect. While encouraging, the precise mechanism of action of any helminth-derived extract or molecule to block colitis or other inflammatory diseases is not well understood.…”

Macrophages treated with antigen from the tapeworm Hymenolepis diminuta condition CD25 + T cells to suppress colitis

“…Like other helminth‐derived products (41, 42), HdAg suppressed colitis and inhibited TNF‐α production by murine peritoneal‐derived macrophages (10). Extending these findings, HdAg inhibits LPS‐induced TNF‐α and IL‐1β, but not NO, by murine BMDMs; events mediated by autocrine effects of IL‐10, which was evoked by HdAg treatment alone and more substantially with LPS + HdAg cotreatment.…”

Effect of schistosomiasis on CX3CR1‐expressing mononuclear phagocytes in the ileum and mesenteric lymph nodes of the mouse

“…The SmSWP and SmSEA fractions were fluorescently linked with the Chromeo ™ P543 labeling kit (Active Motif Inc., Carlsbad, CA, USA), following the manufacturer's guidelines, and injected i.p. at a final concentration of 25 μ g . The animals treated with SmSEA were sacrificed 1 h and 18 h after SmSEA injection in line with the study of Chang et al .…”

“…The acute phase of S. mansoni ‐induced inflammation in the mouse model is characterized by a T helper 1 (Th1)‐type immune response which develops into a Th2‐type immune response directed against the egg antigens, e.g., omega‐1, when oviposition starts . Schistosoma mansoni ‐derived soluble worm proteins (SmSWP) or egg antigens (SmSEA) are immunomodulatory, inducing a Th2 response, anergy or an inhibition of a deleterious Th17 immune response . To date, information about the effects of trematode‐induced inflammation on the DC or MФ distribution in these organ systems remains elusive.…”