Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients and associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: a retrospective study

Woldemichael, Bedasa; Darega, Jiregna; Dida, Nagasa; Tesfaye, Tamiru

doi:10.1177/0300060520984916

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 15 publications

(28 reference statements)

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“…It was observed that TB patients within the age groups 20 to 35 years old were more likely to have successful treatment outcome compared the patients older than 35 years old. This findings were consistent with the report from other studies from Southeast Ethiopia, [39] Eastern Ethiopia, [13] Northeast Ethiopia, [21] Southeast Ethiopia, [40] Ghana [16] and Central Ethiopia. [12] On the other hand, the findings of our study were not in agreement with several studies reported no association of age with treatment outcome from Debre Tabor General Hospital in Northwest Ethiopia, [26] Jinka, [19] and Southern Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis cases by HIV status in Haramaya General Hospital, Ethiopia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Ahmed,

Weldegebreal,

Tebeje

et al. 2024

Medicine

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Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection pose significant challenges to global health, particularly in achieving the target of ending TB. However, the impact of HIV status on TB treatment outcomes remains unclear, especially in eastern Ethiopia. This study aimed to assess the treatment outcomes of TB cases by HIV status and associated factors in Haramaya General Hospital from November 15 to December 30, 2022. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted, reviewing the TB registry and treatment cards of patients who received anti-TB treatment between September 2017 and August 2022. Of the 420 samples addressed, 91.0% (95% CI: 88.3%–96.7%) of all TB patients had successful treatment outcomes. The treatment success rates of HIV-positive and HIV-negative TB patients were 80.0% and 91.9%, respectively. Being HIV-negative (AOR: 2.561, 95% CI: 1.002–6.542), being in the age group of 20 to 35 years (AOR: 2.950, 95% CI: 1.171–7.431), and urban residence (AOR: 2.961, 95% CI: 1.466–5.981) were associated with the TB treatment success rate. There was a high treatment success rate among all patients with TB. HIV status was associated with TB treatment outcomes. Strengthening TB-HIV collaborative activities, providing patient-centered care and support, and frequent monitoring and evaluation are recommended to improve the TB success rate.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis cases by HIV status in Haramaya General Hospital, Ethiopia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Ahmed,

Weldegebreal,

Tebeje

et al. 2024

Medicine

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“…We obtained a mortality rate of 10.2%, but in different studies [ 17 ], it varies greatly [ 18 ]. There is no significant difference in terms of mortality between those who receive the diagnosis during admission or before admission.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis and Management of Adult Tuberculosis Patients Admitted to a Rural Hospital in Ethiopia

Comeche¹,

Pérez-Butragueño²,

Górgolas³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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BackgroundEthiopia is one of the countries in the world with the highest rate of tuberculosis (TB). The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of the patients with TB admitted to a rural hospital in Ethiopia in terms of both diagnosis and clinical management. MethodsA retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted. Data were collected from patients older than 13 years who were admitted to the Gambo General Hospital for TB between May 2016 and September 2017. The variables studied were age, sex, symptoms, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology, nutritional status, presence of anemia, chest x-ray or other complementary tests, type of diagnosis (smear microscopy, Xpert MTB-RIF (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, California, USA), or clinical diagnosis), treatment received, outcome, and days of admission. ResultsOne hundred eighty-six patients, aged 13 years and older, were admitted to the TB unit. About 51.6% were female, and the median age was 35 years (interquartile range (IQR) 25-50). Cough was the most frequent symptom on admission (88.7%), and contact with a TB patient was only recognized by 22 patients (11.8%). HIV serology was performed in 148 patients (79.6%); seven were positive (4.7%). About 69.3% met the criteria for malnutrition (body mass index (BMI) <18.5). Most patients, 173 (93%), presented with pulmonary TB and were new cases (94.1%). Patients were diagnosed by clinical parameters in 75% of cases. Smear microscopy was performed in 148 patients, of which 46 (31.1%) were positive, and Xpert MTB-RIF results were only obtained in 16 patients, of which 6 (37.5%) were positive. Chest x-rays were performed in most patients (71%) and were suggestive of TB in 111 (84.1%). The average length of hospital stay was 32 days (confidence interval (CI) 13-50.5). Women tend to be younger than men, have more extrapulmonary TB, and were admitted longer. Nineteen patients died during admission (10.2%). Patients who die were more frequently malnourished (92.9% of those who die were malnourished compared to 67.1% of those who did not die, p = 0.036), tend to be admitted for a shorter time than the survivors and receive more concomitant antibiotic treatment. ConclusionsIn this rural Ethiopian setting, patients admitted to the hospital for TB are often malnourished (67.1%), the main presentation is pulmonary, mortality is one in 10 admissions and very often receive antibiotics in association with TB treatment (40%).

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“…The Weibull distribution is suitable for modeling data with monotone hazard rates that increase or decrease exponentially over time. For Weibull regression, λ is the scale parameter and γ is a shape parameter, and its probability distribution function shown below [4] Expressing the latent field x, in terms of the predictor , the standard Weibull regression is expressed and ( ) , 0…”

Section: Exponential Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…TB control is a serious public health priority in many low and middle income countries (LMIC) as death rates among patients on TB treatment is still increasing globally (3,4). Several factors affecting survival of patients are missed in the TB treatment programs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Parametric Bayesian Modelling of Tuberculosis Mortality determinants and Facility level heterogeneity effect using Gamma and Gaussian shared frailty techniques

Fwemba

Ngah

Rangoanana

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Background: In a normal regression analysis for determinants of TB outcomes, assumptions that the sample is homogenous is made. This model does not account for the overall effect of unobserved or unmeasured covariates. This study aims to quantify the amount of heterogeneity that exists at community level, and to ascertain the determinants of TB mortality across all the catchment areas in Lesotho. Methods: This was a retrospective record review of patients on TB treatment registered between January 2015 to December 2020 at 12 health care facilities in the district of Butha Buthe, Lesotho. Data collected from patient medical and statistical analysis was performed using R and INLA statistical software. Descriptive statistics were presented using frequency tables. Differences between binary outcomes were analysed using Person's X2 test. Mixed effect model with five Bayesian regression models of varying distributions were used to assess heterogeneity at facility level. Kaplan-Meier curves were used to demonstrate time-to-death events. Results: The total number of patients included in the analysis were 1729 of which 70% were males. And half of them were employed (54.2%). Being over 60 years (HR: 0.02, Cl: 0.01-0.04) and having a community health worker as a treatment contact person (HR: 0.36, Cl: 0.19-0.71) decreased the risk of dying. Miners had 1.73 times increased risk of dying (HR: 1.73, Cl: 1.07-2.78). The frailty variance was observed to be very minimal (<0.001), but significant indicating heterogeneity between catchment areas. Although similar hazard ratios and confidence intervals of covariates are seen between Gamma and Gaussian frailty log-logistic models, the credibility intervals for the Gamma model are consistently narrower. Conclusion: The results from both Gamma and Gaussian demonstrate that heterogeneity affected significance of the determinants for TB mortality. The results showed community level to significantly affect the risk of dying indicating differences between catchment areas.

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Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis patients and associated factors in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: a retrospective study

Cited by 10 publications

References 15 publications

Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis cases by HIV status in Haramaya General Hospital, Ethiopia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Treatment outcomes of tuberculosis cases by HIV status in Haramaya General Hospital, Ethiopia: A retrospective cross-sectional study

Diagnosis and Management of Adult Tuberculosis Patients Admitted to a Rural Hospital in Ethiopia

Parametric Bayesian Modelling of Tuberculosis Mortality determinants and Facility level heterogeneity effect using Gamma and Gaussian shared frailty techniques

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