Background: Dietary diversity is a proxy indicator of nutrient adequacy. However, little is documented on dietary diversity among pregnant women in Ethiopia in general and specifically in the study area. This study assessed dietary diversity and associated factors among pregnant women attending antenatal care in public health facilities in Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods: An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Bale Zone from January to March 2017. The sample size was determined using a single population proportion formula. Data were collected by pretested structured interviewer-administered questionnaires from a total of 413 pregnant women who were identified through systematic random sampling. The sample was drawn proportionally from selected public health facilities based on the client load. Dietary diversity was computed from information about the nine food groups obtained using a 24-hour dietary recall method. Statistical analysis was done using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression with the P-value <0.05 at 95% confidence interval considered as statistically significant. Results: The mean age of the pregnant women was 26.93 with standard deviation ±6.12 years. About 55.2% of the pregnant women had inadequate dietary diversity. Getting information from a health professional [AOR =5.26, 95% CI (1.60, 17.36)], being an urban dweller [AOR =8.95, 95% CI (4.42, 18.16)], having a protected water source [AOR =11.16, 95% CI (4.74, 26.27)], having a latrine [AOR =8.21, 95% CI (4.01, 16.80)], having a home garden [AOR =4.26, 95% CI (2.08, 8.70)], having a bank account [AOR =12.25, 95% CI (6.01, 24.97)] and having use of a mobile phone [AOR =3.82, 95% CI (1.92, 7.62)] were significantly associated with dietary diversity. Conclusion: In this community, the prevalence of inadequate dietary diversity is high.Variables which indicate a better living condition such as having a protected source of water, having a latrine, having a home garden, being an urban dweller, having a bank account and having use of a mobile phone were independent predictors of dietary diversity. Therefore, attention should be paid to improve to better living conditions of pregnant women by addressing determinate variables through community awareness.

Background: Despite of long history of Expand program of immunization service delivery and most countries in the world achieved immunization coverage of around 90% for DPT3 in 2010, still there is child mortality attributed to vaccine preventable disease which accounts 29% of world-wide. This problem is attributed to reduced vaccine potency due to failure in cold chain monitoring system. Cold chain monitoring is still a major challenge in developing countries including Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess cold chain status and knowledge of vaccine providers at primary health care units.

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Objective Adverse birth outcomes, which include stillbirth, preterm birth, low birthweight, congenital abnormalities, and stillbirth, are the leading cause of neonatal and infant mortality worldwide. We assessed adverse birth outcomes and associated factors among mothers who gave birth in Bale zone hospitals, Oromia, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods We used systematic random sampling in this cross-sectional study. We identified factors associated with adverse birth outcomes using bivariate analysis and multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results The proportion of adverse birth outcomes among participants was 21%. Of 576 births, 70 (12.2%) were low birthweight, 49 (8.5%) were preterm birth, 45 (7.8%) were stillbirth, and 18 (3.1%) infants had congenital anomalies. Inadequate antenatal care (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.25–13.32), multiple pregnancy (AOR  =  4.74, 95% CI 1.55–14.45), premature rupture of membranes in the current pregnancy (AOR = 2.31, 95% CI 1.26–4.21), hemoglobin level  < 11 g/dL (AOR = 3.22, 95% CI 1.85–5.58), and mid-upper arm circumference less than 23 cm (AOR = 5.93, 95% CI 3.49–10.08) were all significantly associated with adverse birth outcomes. Conclusions Approximately one in five study participants had adverse birth outcomes. Increasing antenatal care uptake, ferrous supplementation during pregnancy, and improving the quality of maternal health services are recommended.

Introduction. In developing countries, the laborer forces have managed many of the industrial works. As a result, the process of the work has put the health and lives of workers at risk. Thus, this study was designed to assess occupational injury and its correlated factors among small-scale industry workers in the towns of Bale Zone, Southeast Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study design was employed among five hundred ninety small-scale industries in towns of Bale zone, Southeast Ethiopia, in March to April 2016. Multistage sampling was applied to recruit the study subjects. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires. A structured questionnaire addressing the objectives of the study was used. EpiData was used for data entry, and the data were exported to SPSS windows version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics like frequency and percentage were used for the prevalence, whereas binary and multiple logistic regressions were employed to identify the predictors of the outcome variable. Results. A total of 574 workers from different small-scale industries, including woodwork, metalwork, and concrete block construction, participated in the study with a response rate of 97.3%. In this study, among the total participants of the study, 43.2% (248), 30% (172), and 21.6% (124) of them had encountered lifetime, last one year, and six months occupational injury, respectively. Taking health and safety training, presence of any things on the floor that can cause accidents and occupational risk perception were independent predictors of occupational injury. The presence of any things on the floor that can cause accidents and having a low-risk perception increases occupational injury by 12.69 [AOR: 12.69, (1.67–96.13)] and 2.84 [AOR: 2.84, (1.80–4.49)], respectively. Conclusion. About one in three occupational injuries occurred among small-scale industry workers. Health and safety training should be provided for every worker in small-scale industries. Supportive supervision focusing awareness creation, economic stability, and health care from health office, social and labor affair office, and other concerned body is highly recommended. District or town health office should address the identified factors to promote the health of the workers.