Treatment of recalcitrant warts with intralesional measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine: a promising approach

Abstract

Intralesional immunotherapy by MMR vaccine is a promising, effective, and safe treatment modality for recalcitrant warts.

A prospective randomized open label comparative study of efficacy and safety of intralesional measles, mumps, rubella vaccine versus 100% trichloroacetic acid application in the treatment of common warts

“…15 Nofal et al in 2014 observed complete clearance of warts in 63% patients, partial response in 23% and no response in 14% patients with MMR vaccine. 16 There were higher response rates in these studies as compared to our study because these studies used either more doses of intralesional MMR vaccine or their follow up period was longer. The number of patients with grade IV response or complete clearance of the warts progressively increased in our study when assessed at 2 weeks and then subsequently at post treatment monthly follow up visits.…”

“…15 Nofal et al in 2014 found complete response in 74.5% of patients presenting with distant warts. 16 Higher response rates in distant warts in these studies may be due to either more number of treatments or longer follow up period.…”

Significance of interferon gamma in the prediction of successful therapy of common warts by intralesional injection of Candida antigen

“…In our study, Candida antigen was directly injected into the mother wart without presensitization because almost all patients were expected to be immune based on the very high incidence of Candida infection in our community. This approach seems to be more practical in terms of time, cost, and patient compliance and has already been used by other authors . It has also been supported by the absence of a significant association between the therapeutic response and the extent of antigen reactivity as shown by many studies …”

“…Warts constitute the commonest cutaneous manifestation of human papillomavirus (HPV) that infects epithelial tissues of the skin and mucous membranes. Despite the existence of many destructive and immunotherapeutic modalities, treatment of warts still represents a real challenge, and a uniformly effective remedy or an optimal treatment with universal consensus has not been explored to date …”

Wart Immunotherapies: A Short Review

“…DPCP, Imiquimod, and SADBE all may require multiple sessions for a complete response. Much like candida, the MMR antigen is also relatively inexpensive at about $26 [29]. Tuberculin agents, such as PPD and BCG, are found for less than $10 [30,31].…”