Treatment of premenstrual syndrome: Appraising the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy in addition to calcium supplement plus vitamin D

Abstract

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) consists of repetitious physical and psychological symptoms. The symptoms occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual period and cease when the menstrual period starts. This study included pre-test and post-test experiments between a control group and a test group. The statistical population involved 40 females, chosen based on multistage cluster sampling. The participants were then divided into four groups to undergo treatment with calcium supplement plus vitamin D together with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and were screened with the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Test (PSST). The pre-test and post-test scores in the PSST, the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and Bell's Adjustment Inventory (BAI) were used as assessment tools (p < .05). According to the parameters of PMS symptoms, when evaluating the pre-test and post-test scores, the overall score of each individual in the experimental group was improved and a significant effect for the combination of calcium supplement plus vitamin D together with CBT was observed in comparison to the post-test control group. A comparison of multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) results collected from the pre-test and post-test scores revealed that the method of treatment was beneficial for PMS, adjustment, and general health.

A systematic review of the role of vitamin D and calcium in premenstrual syndrome

“…Karimi et al [28] investigated the effects of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and calcium plus vitamin D supplementation on the reduction of PMS symptoms. In a trial, Mandana and Azar [31] showed that vitamin E, vitamin B6, calcium, and omega-3 had significant effects on enhancing the physical and mental symptoms of women with PMS.…”

Handling of Premenstrual Syndrome Among Adolescent Girls: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Culture and local research can affect the size of small cause heterogeneity sample sectarian. There needs to be cooperation between counselors, psychologists and doctors in the application of the method in this research [19] V. CONCLUSION Based on literature review that found writer handling PMS in adolescents girls based on based Evidence Based Practice that are: 3. Giving CBT exercise need research long time duration, small cause heterogenitas sample sectarian, and need cooperation between counselor, psychologist and the doctor the.The exercise cbt not effective in the treatment of PMS in adolescents in handling the need to pay attention to and the doses in discharging to effective.…”

“…Therefore, it can increase the quality of life of women in family activity, education, and workplace. CBT implementation has constraints in it culture and the local environment related culture factor could affect CBT [19].…”

“…Group intervention ii is given 2x500 mg supplement calcium plus 2x200 iu vitamin d. Group intervention iii is given a combination of exercise cbt for 45 minutes a week and 2x500 mg a supplement calcium plus 2x400 iu vitamin d. Meanwhile the other is not given any intervention. The intervention is given for about two months [19].…”

“…Therefore, the treatment of PMS is done with CBT combination and calcium supplements plus vitamins D that have more effectivity to improve the quality of women's life in family, education, and workplace. There need to be continued research to support the use of CBT as the first line in recovering PMS [19].…”