Treatment of leiomyosarcoma in a tiger (<i>Panthera tigris</i>) with stereotactic radiotherapy

Boudreaux, Bonnie; LaRue, Susan M.; Rademacher, Nathalie; Neck, Daniel W.; Grasperge, Britton J.; Wood, Charles; Baker, David G.

doi:10.1111/vru.12720

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In addition, radiotherapy has been previously used in conjunction with immunotherapy and surgical excision in a lion to successfully treat a melanoma of the lip (4 weekly treatments of 8 gray (Gy) external-beam hypofractionated radiation and 4 bimonthly immunotherapy treatments were used to reduce the tumour size by 50%, after which surgical excision was performed) (Steeil et al 2013). In contrast, a single fraction of 22 Gy using stereotactic radiotherapy was unsuccessful in treatment of a facial leiomyosarcoma in a tiger (Panthera tigris), which succumbed to severe metastatic disease 4 months later (Boudreaux et al 2019). The radiotherapy was http://www.jsava.co.za Open Access performed at the Mediclinic Muelmed Hospital in Pretoria, where the lion was sedated as described here (topped up with intravenously administered 0.5 mg/kg ketamine as needed).…”

Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of early cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with hypofractionated radiation therapy in an African lion (Panthera leo)

Weyden¹,

O'Dell²,

Avenant³

et al. 2021

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association

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Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is a slow growing but locally invasive neoplasm, most commonly caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Whilst SCC accounts for 15% of skin tumours in domesticated cats, cutaneous SCC in non-domesticated felids (apart from captive snow leopards) appears to be uncommon, with only three reports in the literature to date. In this report, a captive African lion (Panthera leo) presented with two ulcerative lesions on the nasal planum. Histopathology of the lesions revealed epidermal keratinocyte dysplasia and neoplastic basal- and supra-basal epithelial cells with dyskeratosis and evidence of basement membrane breaching and dermal invasion, consistent with a diagnosis of SCC. There was also evidence of laminar fibrosis and inflammation of the subjacent dermis suggesting that the SCC most likely resulted from UV-induced neoplastic transformation of the epidermal squamous epithelium following actinic keratosis. The lion was treated with hypofractionated radiation therapy and remained in remission until his death (euthanised 17 months later because of age-related chronic renal failure). This is the first report of cutaneous SCC in a lion with evidence of actinic damage and resolution after radiation therapy.

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Section: Case Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful treatment of early cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with hypofractionated radiation therapy in an African lion (Panthera leo)

Weyden¹,

O'Dell²,

Avenant³

et al. 2021

Journal of the South African Veterinary Association

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“…Of those, one esophageal leiomyosarcoma was found in a female tiger and one leiomyosarcoma of the skeletal muscle was diagnosed in a female young tiger. Esophageal neoplasia is very rare in domestic and wildlife animals ( 35 , 36 ), and only one case of an esophageal angioleiomyosarcoma in a cat was reported in the literature ( 36 ). Other previously unreported neoplasms in captive felids included an osteoma in a male tiger, an adrenal adenoma in a female tiger, and a renal adenocarcinoma in a male leopard.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Overview of Neoplasia in Captive Wild Felids in Southern Italy Zoos

et al. 2022

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of neoplasms in captive wild felids in Southern Italy zoos over a 13-year period (2008–2021) and to investigate macroscopic and histologic tumor findings in these animals. A total of 24 cases were necropsied, 9 males and 15 females, with age ranging from 6 to 19 years, including 12 tigers (Panthera tigris), 7 leopards (Panthera pardus), 4 lions (Panthera leo), and 1 black jaguar (Panthera onca). Diagnosis of neoplasm was made in 14/24 cases (58.3%). Tumors diagnosed were two cholangiocarcinomas, two hemangiosarcomas of the liver, two uterine leiomyomas, a renal adenocarcinoma, an adrenal gland adenoma, a thyroid carcinoma, an oral squamous cell carcinoma, an osteoma, a meningioma, a mesothelioma, an esophageal leiomyosarcoma, a muscoloskeletal leiomyosarcoma and a thyroid adenoma. The malignant and benign tumors were 62.5 and 37.5%, respectively. Among malignant tumors, no metastasis was observed in 50% of cases; in 10% of cases metastasis involved only regional lymph nodes; and distant metastases were found in 40% of cases. Based on our findings, the liver was the most frequent primary tumor site (25%). The high rates of malignant and widely metastatic neoplasms suggest the importance of active monitoring and management of neoplasia in these threatened and endangered species.

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“…Only a few studies have been published regarding the anatomy of the tiger head, brain, tarsal, and stifle joints using MRI [30][31][32]. There are just a few published studies on certain clinical cases that affect this region in large cats (nondomestic cats) [33][34][35][36]. In this context, our study provides a comprehensive anatomical atlas of the nasal cavity of the domestic cat, as well as of the leopard, lion, and cheetah, using CT, MRI, and rhinoscopy and highlights the interspecific felid structural differences.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Anatomical Study Using Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Rhinoscopy of the Nasal Cavity of Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus L.) and Big Cats: Lion (Panthera leo leo L.), Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya L.), and Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus S.)

Díaz Martínez,

Arencibia Espinosa,

Soler Laguía

et al. 2024

Animals

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The objective of this work was to study the normal anatomy of the nasal cavity of the three species of big cats (leopard, lion, and cheetah) compared to the domestic cat through the use of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy. Computed tomography allowed us to clearly visualize the entire bony and cartilaginous framework that supports the nasal cavity. Magnetic resonance imaging permitted better visualization of the soft tissues of this cavity. On the other hand, rhinoscopy enabled the direct visualization of the mucosa of the vestibule and nasal cavity, which is very useful in the diagnosis of masses or foreign bodies. Furthermore, with this technique, it has been possible to observe several small orifices from the nasolacrimal duct, the pharyngeal auditory tube, and the lateral nasal gland. Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and rhinoscopy are useful tools in analysis of the anatomical characteristics of the nasal cavity in these species.

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Treatment of leiomyosarcoma in a tiger (Panthera tigris) with stereotactic radiotherapy

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

Successful treatment of early cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with hypofractionated radiation therapy in an African lion (Panthera leo)

Successful treatment of early cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma with hypofractionated radiation therapy in an African lion (Panthera leo)

An Overview of Neoplasia in Captive Wild Felids in Southern Italy Zoos

An Anatomical Study Using Computed Tomography, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, and Rhinoscopy of the Nasal Cavity of Domestic Cat (Felis silvestris catus L.) and Big Cats: Lion (Panthera leo leo L.), Leopard (Panthera pardus kotiya L.), and Cheetah (Acinonyx jubatus jubatus S.)

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