Canine multi-centric B-cell lymphoma shares similarities with diffuse large B-cell (Non-Hodgkin's) lymphoma (NHL) in people. In people with NHL, lymphopenia at diagnosis and first relapse and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N:L) > 3.5 are negative prognostic factors for survival. The objective of this study was to determine if lymphocyte concentration at diagnosis and first relapse and N:L were prognostic for survival in dogs with newly diagnosed multi-centric lymphoma. Medical records of 77 dogs with multi-centric lymphoma treated with a CHOP-based chemotherapy protocol were retrospectively evaluated. Absolute lymphocyte concentration and N:L ratio at presentation of dogs pre-treated with steroids was not significantly different from dogs who had not received steroids. On multivariate analysis, only immunophenotype remained significant for progression-free survival (PFS), whereas no variables remained significant for ST. A prospective study of these haematologic variables is warranted to assess their true significance.

Dogs receiving any type of treatment for central nervous system lymphoma lived longer than cases described in previous historical reports. Further studies are needed to elucidate the importance of specific treatment modalities.

Coarsely fractionated radiation is commonly used as a method for pain control in dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma, however there is little published information on optimal protocols. The aim of this retrospective, descriptive study was to report safety and toxicity findings in a sample of dogs with appendicular osteosarcoma that had been treated with a radiation scheme of 10 Gy delivered over two consecutive days for a total of 20 Gy. Dogs were included in the study if they had osteosarcoma that was treated with the aforementioned protocol. Dogs were excluded if treated with the same protocol for any other bone tumor besides osteosarcoma or inadequate follow-up. Thirteen of the 14 patients received adjuvant therapy with pamidronate and a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory. Nine dogs received adjuvant chemotherapy with carboplatin after radiation was complete. Within a median of 14 days, 92.8% of dogs subjectively had improved pain control. Median duration of response (DOR) was 80 days (range 20-365). The majority of patients developed VRTOG grade one toxicity, primarily alopecia. Five dogs (35.7%) developed pathologic fracture postradiation treatment. Timing of fracture was variable ranging from 24 to 250 days. This radiation protocol was well tolerated, with minimal toxicity, subjectively improved survival time, and had the benefit of being completed in two consecutive days.

Canine insulinoma is a highly metastatic neoplasm that is associated with a guarded to poor prognosis in dogs with distant metastases. A median survival of 6 mo has been reported for dogs with metastatic insulinoma. The dog in this report, diagnosed with stage III pancreatic insulinoma, had long-term glycemic control with survival of over 24 mo while receiving prednisone and toceranib phosphate after partial pancreatectomy. Toceranib phosphate has been shown to be an efficacious therapy for canine mast cell tumors with increasing evidence that it may be beneficial in the medical management of neuroendocrine tumors.

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A 12 yr old spayed female domestic shorthair with a history of lethargy, anorexia, and a pendulous abdomen was referred after a cranial abdominal mass was palpated on physical examination. Thoracic radiographs and an abdominal ultrasound revealed a mass associated with the kidney and moderate hemoperitoneum. Exploratory laparotomy revealed abdominal hemorrhage originating from a right renal mass that was adhered to the caudal vena cava. Following a right nephrectomy, histopathology diagnosed the mass as a perirenal/renal myxosarcoma. Based upon thoracic radiographs and abdominal ultrasound, the patient remains disease free at 14 mo postoperatively.

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation, clinical course, and management of a dog with thyroid storm (TS) secondary to a functional thyroid carcinoma. Case summary: A 12-year-old neutered female Golden Retriever was evaluated for severe weight loss, hyperthermia, and tachycardia. The dog had a ventral neck mass and markedly increased thyroxine concentration. Cervical ultrasound showed a suspected left thyroid mass with invasion into the jugular vein. Despite aggressive therapy, the patient progressed to a clinical TS. Postmortem examination was supportive of the clinical diagnosis.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is used in combination chemotherapy protocols for human head and neck cancer and other epithelial neoplasms. However, a paucity of literature describing use of this drug in veterinary oncology exists, likely due to previous reports of fatal neurotoxicity in both dogs and cats, mainly due to ingestion of human creams. The primary aim of this retrospective study was to report the safety of concurrent 5-FU and carboplatin in canine carcinomas. Secondarily, we aimed to look at the efficacy of the combination using overall response rate in treated dogs. Medical records were searched from 2007 to 2017 for dogs treated with both agents; 24 dogs met inclusion criteria. Carboplatin dosages ranged from 180 to 250 mg/m (median 200 mg/m ); 5-FU dosage was 150 mg/m . Fourteen dogs had myelosuppression, ranging from Grade I to asymptomatic Grade IV; thrombocytopenia was more common than neutropenia. Gastrointestinal upset was uncommon, with only seven dogs having Grade I or II nausea, vomiting or diarrhoea. No cases were hospitalized for any of the above toxicities. One dog had an episode of ataxia, which could not be differentiated between otitis and 5-FU neurotoxicity. This protocol is well tolerated. Response rate in the gross disease setting was 43% (three complete responses, three partial responses). Prospective analysis of this combination protocol, and potentially 5-FU with other platinum agents, is warranted in the treatment of canine carcinomas.