Treatment of Human Lens Epithelium with High Levels of Nanoceria Leads to Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Apoptosis

Hanafy, Belal I.; Cave, Gareth W. V.; Barnett, Yvonne; Pierscionek, Barbara K.

doi:10.3390/molecules25030441

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…On the contrary, a reduction of cell viability (assessed by MTT assay) of 13% and 38% was observed after 3 h incubation with 100 μg/mL and 500 μg/mL of CNP, respectively ( Figure 2 B). These findings are consistent with previous studies showing that the viability of different cell lines is preserved after treatment with CNP up to 200 μg/mL [ 20 , 35 , 36 ], while doses higher than 400 μg/mL appear to be cytotoxic by interfering with mitochondrial functions [ 36 ]. Based on these results, the lowest CNP dose tested (50 μg/mL) corresponding to 1 × 10 4 CNP was selected for all the subsequent experiments.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Oxidative Stress Boosts the Uptake of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles by Changing Brain Endothelium Microvilli Pattern

et al. 2021

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Vascular oxidative stress is considered a worsening factor in the progression of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels promote the accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), one of the main hallmarks of AD. In turn, Aβ is a potent inducer of oxidative stress. In early stages of AD, the concomitant action of oxidative stress and Aβ on brain capillary endothelial cells was observed to compromise the blood–brain barrier functionality. In this context, antioxidant compounds might provide therapeutic benefits. To this aim, we investigated the antioxidant activity of cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNP) in human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (hCMEC/D3) exposed to Aβ oligomers. Treatment with CNP (13.9 ± 0.7 nm in diameter) restored basal ROS levels in hCMEC/D3 cells, both after acute or prolonged exposure to Aβ. Moreover, we found that the extent of CNP uptake by hCMEC/D3 was +43% higher in the presence of Aβ. Scanning electron microscopy and western blot analysis suggested that changes in microvilli structures on the cell surface, under pro-oxidant stimuli (Aβ or H2O2), might be involved in the enhancement of CNP uptake. This finding opens the possibility to exploit the modulation of endothelial microvilli pattern to improve the uptake of anti-oxidant particles designed to counteract ROS-mediated cerebrovascular dysfunctions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Oxidative Stress Boosts the Uptake of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles by Changing Brain Endothelium Microvilli Pattern

et al. 2021

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“…Zinc oxide nanoparticles are typically formed via one of two synthetic routes: a vapour phase reaction between zinc metal vapour and oxygen or a co-precipitation reaction between a zinc metal salt and base [19]. The wet chemical route allows the production of a diverse, yet highly tuneable, range of particle sizes and morphologies with the ability to functionalised the surface of the particles to alter their properties in suspension [20,21]. Precise control of the size and morphology of nanoparticles can be attained by using novel reactor systems such as the spinning disc reactor [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioavailability of Methionine-Coated Zinc Nanoparticles as a Dietary Supplement Leads to Improved Performance and Bone Strength in Broiler Chicken Production

Alkhtib

Scholey

Carter

et al. 2020

Animals

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Recently, nanotechnology has been widely adopted in many fields. The goal of this study was to evaluate the potential for amino acid coated nano minerals as a supplement in broiler feed. Zinc was selected as a model mineral for this test and supplementation of nano zinc, both coated and uncoated was compared with organic and inorganic commercial forms of zinc. A total of 48 pens (8 birds each) were assigned to one of the following dietary treatments: Control, methionine-Zinc chelate (M-Zn), nano zinc oxide (Nano-ZnO), and methionine coated nano zinc oxide (M-Nano-ZnO). All experimental diets were formulated with the same total zinc, methionine, protein, and energy content with just the zinc source as a variable. Bird weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratios were recorded weekly, with three birds culled (sacrificed) at day 21 and day 35 for sampling measures. Ileal digestibility of zinc was determined at day 21 and day 35 using titanium dioxide as an inert marker. Blood serum, liver and spleen samples were collected at day 21 and day 35 and analysed for zinc content via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Tibia strength and morphometrics were measured from both legs of three birds per pen at day 21 and day 35. The study was conducted at Nottingham Trent University Poultry Unit, UK. The novel method of producing nano minerals coated with amino acids was successfully tested with zinc and material produced to test in the feeding study. Methionine coated nano zinc oxide supplementation significantly improved bird weight gain and the increased feed intake of broilers compared to an inorganic zinc form. Ileal digestibility was also improved with this methionine-nano zinc. Moreover, this supplementation improved the tibia strength of broilers at the age of 21 days, though this was not observed at day 35. Therefore, M-Nano-ZnO could be used to supplement broilers to improve both performance and digestibility with a limited positive impact on bone strength. The results of the current study suggest that the amino acid coating of nano minerals can improve the digestibility of minerals which may have further implications for the field of mineral nutrition in animal feeds.

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“…According to their results, high concentrations of nanoceria (400 µg/mL) increased the intracellular levels of ROS, and the human lens epithelial cells revealed the classical hallmarks of apoptosis, which agrees with the cells retaining the normal ATP levels necessary to complete the apoptotic process. This study highlighted the necessity of focused studies on nanoceria dose-dependent effects on various cells and tissues to recognize therapeutic in vitro and in vivo concentrations [ 147 ].…”

Section: Nanoceria For Soft-tissue Engineeringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering

et al. 2020

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Several biocompatible materials have been applied for managing soft tissue lesions; cerium oxide nanoparticles (CNPs, or nanoceria) are among the most promising candidates due to their outstanding properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and angiogenic activities. Much attention should be paid to the physical properties of nanoceria, since most of its biological characteristics are directly determined by some of these relevant parameters, including the particle size and shape. Nanoceria, either in bare or functionalized forms, showed the excellent capability of accelerating the healing process of both acute and chronic wounds. The skin, heart, nervous system, and ophthalmic tissues are the main targets of nanoceria-based therapies, and the other soft tissues may also be evaluated in upcoming experimental studies. For the repair and regeneration of soft tissue damage and defects, nanoceria-incorporated film, hydrogel, and nanofibrous scaffolds have been proven to be highly suitable replacements with satisfactory outcomes. Still, some concerns have remained regarding the long-term effects of nanoceria administration for human tissues and organs, such as its clearance from the vital organs. Moreover, looking at the future, it seems necessary to design and develop three-dimensional (3D) printed scaffolds containing nanoceria for possible use in the concepts of personalized medicine.

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Treatment of Human Lens Epithelium with High Levels of Nanoceria Leads to Reactive Oxygen Species Mediated Apoptosis

Cited by 21 publications

References 45 publications

Oxidative Stress Boosts the Uptake of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles by Changing Brain Endothelium Microvilli Pattern

Oxidative Stress Boosts the Uptake of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles by Changing Brain Endothelium Microvilli Pattern

Bioavailability of Methionine-Coated Zinc Nanoparticles as a Dietary Supplement Leads to Improved Performance and Bone Strength in Broiler Chicken Production

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles (Nanoceria): Hopes in Soft Tissue Engineering

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