Treatment of COVID-19 by Controlling the Activity of the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B

El-Khodary, Mahmoud Saad Mohamed

doi:10.4236/cellbio.2020.92006

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(19 reference statements)

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“…NF-κB is a protein complex that regulates cell survival, and stimulates proinflammatory cytokine production. An increase in cytokine production results in a cytokine storm (CS) which induces fatal inflammation [142,143]. Artesunate might inhibit NF-κB signaling to attenuate the cytokine storm, and thus, reduce the inflammatory response and lung inflammation [135,142].…”

Section: Brief Description Of Sars-cov-2 Genome and Possible Targets ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

Agrawal¹,

Agrawal²,

Blunden

2022

Molecules

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As the world desperately searches for ways to treat the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a growing number of people are turning to herbal remedies. The Artemisia species, such as A. annua and A. afra, in particular, exhibit positive effects against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and COVID-19 related symptoms. A. annua is a source of artemisinin, which is active against malaria, and also exhibits potential for other diseases. This has increased interest in artemisinin’s potential for drug repurposing. Artemisinin-based combination therapies, so-called ACTs, have already been recognized as first-line treatments against malaria. Artemisia extract, as well as ACTs, have demonstrated inhibition of SARS-CoV-2. Artemisinin and its derivatives have also shown anti-inflammatory effects, including inhibition of interleukin-6 (IL-6) that plays a key role in the development of severe COVID-19. There is now sufficient evidence in the literature to suggest the effectiveness of Artemisia, its constituents and/or artemisinin derivatives, to fight against the SARS-CoV-2 infection by inhibiting its invasion, and replication, as well as reducing oxidative stress and inflammation, and mitigating lung damage.

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Section: Brief Description Of Sars-cov-2 Genome and Possible Targets ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

Agrawal¹,

Agrawal²,

Blunden

2022

Molecules

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“…Suppressing nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and enhancing the expression of hydroxyl carboxylic acid receptor (HCAR) were also introduced as the other main mechanisms of action. Regulation of NF-κB activity was reported to be effective in treating Covid-19 infection [4]. The vast anti-inflammatory effects of HCAR in various organs were also reported [5].…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 97%

Dimethyl Fumarate Can Enhance the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Epidermal Neural Crest Stem Cells in COVID-19 Patients

Safari

Khodabandeh

Borhani‐Haghighi

2021

Stem Cell Rev and Rep

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“…Moreover, the pharmacological or genetic inhibition of NF-κB by increased stabilized IκBα mutants caused an extremely effective inhibition of EC stimulation. Moreover, NF-κB augments the production of PAF-1, which itself could enhance the probability of clot formation [ 16 ]. Other than PAF-1 and inflammation, NF-κB appears to be an essential target for the inhibition of angiogenesis [ 17 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Role of Cytokine Storm Pathway in the Clinical Course of Viral Respiratory Pandemic

et al. 2021

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The “cytokine storm” (CS) consists of a spectrum of different immune dysregulation disorders characterized by constitutional symptoms, systemic inflammation and multiorgan dysfunction triggered by an uncontrolled immune response. Particularly in respiratory virus infections, the cytokine storm plays a primary role in the pathogenesis of respiratory disease and the clinical outcome of respiratory diseases, leading to complications such as alveolar edema and hypoxia. In this review, we wanted to analyze the different pathogenetic mechanisms involved in the various respiratory viral pandemics (COVID-19; SARS; MERS; H1N1 influenza A and Spanish flu) which have affected humans in this and last century, with particular attention to the phenomenon of the “cytokine storm” which determines the clinical severity of the respiratory disease and consequently its lethality.

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Treatment of COVID-19 by Controlling the Activity of the Nuclear Factor-Kappa B

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

RETRACTED: Artemisia Extracts and Artemisinin-Based Antimalarials for COVID-19 Management: Could These Be Effective Antivirals for COVID-19 Treatment?

Dimethyl Fumarate Can Enhance the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Epidermal Neural Crest Stem Cells in COVID-19 Patients

The Potential Role of Cytokine Storm Pathway in the Clinical Course of Viral Respiratory Pandemic

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