Treatment of contaminated bone defects with clindamycin‐reconstituted bone xenograft‐composites

Abstract

Contaminated or infected bone defects and osteomyelitis after trauma are frequently encountered in clinical practice. It is difficult to make a successful bone graft and control infection at the same time. To find a better method to resolve this dilemma, we prepared a novel clindamycin-reconstituted bone xenograft-composite (C-RBX-C) that comprised of crude bBMP (bovine bone morphogenetic protein), clindamycin, and cancellous bone scaffold, and investigated the morphology, biocompatibility, antibiotic release profile and osteoinductive potential of this composite. The ultrastructure of C-RBX-C was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy; the biocompatibility and osteoinductive potential were assessed by testing ectopic implants. The antibiotic release profile was evaluated using a disc-diffusion assay. Finally, this composite was used to repair a Staphylococcus aureus contaminated bone defect in a rabbit model. 16 weeks after the implantation of C-RBX-C, the radial defect had been completely recuperated, with significantly better formation of lamellar bone and recanalization of the marrow cavity, than in the controls (scaffolds without clindamycin or bBMP). These results demonstrate that our novel composite, with its concomitant osteoinductive and antibiotic properties, has significant potential for the treatment of contaminated or infected bone defects and osteomyelitis.

Comparative in vivo study of injectable biomaterials combined with BMP for enhancing tendon graft osteointegration for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction

“…24 In our pilot study, including animal experiments and clinical studies, the osteoinductive effect of bBMP had been clarified. 13,25 In conclusion, the ICPC composite achieved a more prolonged osteogenic effect than that of the IFS composite. However, the slow degradation of ICPC seems to hinder new bone formation at the tendon-bone interface.…”

“…Bone morphogenetic proteins were obtained according to the previous method described, 13 resulting in a crude extract of BMPs (bBMP). ICPC was generated from a commercial mixture (Shanghai Rebone Biomaterials Co. Ltd, Shanghai, China).…”

Enhancing the bioactivity of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) scaffold with a nano-hydroxyapatite coating for the treatment of segmental bone defect in a rabbit model

“…The BMSCs were prepared as previously described. 20 Briefly, three New Zealand rabbits aged between 2.5 and 3 months were anesthetized using 1% pentobarbital sodium (30 mg/kg). Then, a 16-gauge medullo-puncture needle was acupunctured into the right posterior iliac crest of each animal.…”

In vivo evaluation of two types of bioactive scaffold used for tendon–bone interface healing in the reconstruction of anterior cruciate ligament

“…Most importantly, RBX was composed of antigen-extracted bovine cancellous bone and crude BMPs, with a certain amount of collagen matrix. Moreover, collagen could direct the gradual release of BMP and further maintain its effective concentration at the implant site (Bi et al 2007).…”