Treatment of cattle hides with Shellac-in-ethanol solution to reduce bacterial transferability – A preliminary study

Synergistic Effects of Lactic Acid and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate to Decontaminate Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Cattle Hide Sections

“…Hide sections were positioned hair sides facing each other (Antic et al, 2010), placed in sterile bags and stored at -20°C before being thawed at room temperature 2 h prior to each experiment. Inoculations and treatments were performed in four independent replicates in a biosafety cabinet.…”

Ratio between carcass-and skin-microflora as an abattoir process hygiene indicator

“…Subsequently, a simplified approach to better characterisation of cattle abattoir process via microbiological comparison of the final carcasses with the main source of incoming contamination e skins e was proposed (Vivas Alegre & Buncic, 2004). This was based on recognition that direct faecal contamination (leakage/spillage from guts onto the meat) in modern abattoirs is relatively rare, whilst contamination from the hides (via contact, hands/tools and/or airborne) is a key and common event (Antic et al, 2010a(Antic et al, , 2010bKoohmaraie et al, 2005;Nastasijevic, Mitrovic, & Buncic, 2008;Small, Wells-Burr, & Buncic, 2004). In the study (Vivas Alegre & Buncic, 2004) using cattle with hides inoculated with a marker organism, the efficacy of the abattoir process in reducing incoming contamination was assessed through determining the ratio between the marker's counts on final carcasses and those on hides (Vivas Alegre & Buncic, 2004).…”

Efficacy of Octenidine Hydrochloride for Reducing Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes on Cattle Hides

“…Another study (20) reported that treatment of cattle hides with 10% acetic acid and 10% lactic acid at 23°C reduced E. coli O157:H7 counts by 0.7 log and 2.9 log/cm 2 , respectively. Spraying of cattle hides with 23% shellac-ethanol yielded about a 2.1-log reduction in E. coli O157:H7 counts on artificially inoculated cattle hides (3). Similarly, spraying of cattle hides with sodium hydroxide solution (3%) decreased E. coli O157:H7 (21) and Salmonella counts by 3.4 and 2.6 log/cm 2 , respectively (21), whereas a combination of sodium hydroxide (1.6%) and chlorine (200 to 500 ppm) was more effective, reducing the pathogen counts by 4.5 to 5.0 log/cm 2 (21).…”

“…The antimicrobial efficacies of OH to reduce E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and L. monocytogenes on cattle hides were determined as described previously (3,23), with slight modifications. Fresh cattle hides were collected from cows slaughtered at a local slaughterhouse.…”

“…These antimicrobials include organic acids (20,31), alcohols (31), mineral acids (15), cetylpyridinium chloride (13,14), commercial detergents/disinfectants/sanitizers (35), ozonated and electrolyzed oxidizing water (16), a shellac (foodgrade resin) and ethanol mixture (3), and bacteriophage application (33). Most of these treatments generally yielded about 3.0-to 4.0-log reductions in pathogen counts on hides under experimental conditions and 2.0-to 3.0-log reductions under commercial slaughter conditions (3). Another study (20) reported that treatment of cattle hides with 10% acetic acid and 10% lactic acid at 23°C reduced E. coli O157:H7 counts by 0.7 log and 2.9 log/cm 2 , respectively.…”