Treatment of Batik Industry Wastewater Plant Effluent using Nanofiltration

Abstract

In this study, the removal of dyes, sulfide, and some other components in batik wastewater using a nanofiltration (NF) membrane was investigated. Remazol red (RR dye), indigosol brown (IB dye), and sodium sulfide (Na2S) were used as models of synthetic batik wastewater. Furthermore, NF performance for treating real batik wastewater was also examined. The effects of operating conditions on flux and rejection were investigated. The results showed that all filtration had similar permeate flux behavior, where rapid flux decline was observed at the initial filtration, followed by gradual flux decrease and then reaching a stable flux. The rejections of the pollutant model during NF of synthetic wastewater were 61-76%, 90-95%, and 90-99% for sulfide, IB, and RR, respectively. The color rejection in real batik wastewater was 99.84%. Further, the removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 87.6%.

Biotransformation of Methylene Blue by Mixed Fungal Cultures of Gloeophyllum trabeum and Aspergillus oryzae

“…Removal efficiencies are in the range of 70-95%, but these processes still have drawbacks. The disadvantages of these methods include the need for large areas and the generation of a large amount of sludge, which causes problems with waste disposal (Istirokhatun et al, 2021). However, sludge from industrial by-products can also be processed and activated into biosorbents (Extracellular polymeric substances/EPS) (Kistriyani et al, 2020).…”

Processing Coal Mine Acidic Water Using Nanofiltration Membrane in West Aceh

“…Another factor influencing the rejection rate of COD parameters is pressure. The increase in the level of rejection of the nonofiltration membrane at 4, 5, and 6 bar pressure is caused by the addition of pressure resulting in the rapid formation of fouling on the surface and membrane structure so that it can reduce membrane's pore size and expand the membrane's ability to revise COD parameters [Istirokhatun et al, 2021;Munirasu et al, 2016]. The level of rejection which decreases with the addition of pressure can be caused when the pressure is added, the process of reducing the pore on the surface and the pore of the membrane is inhibited thereby reducing the performance of the membrane in the sieving mechanism [Kiswanto et al, 2029].…”

“…In waste treatment, membrane technology can be applied directly and indirectly. The nanofiltration process resounds hardness, removes bacteria and viruses, removes color due to organic substances without producing harmful chemicals such as chlorinated hydrocarbons [Istirokhatun et al, 2021]. Nanofiltration is suitable for low dissolved total solid water, softened and removed organic.…”

Removal of Color, Phenol and Sulfide from Batik Wastewater using Immobilized Bacillus licheniformis in Bentonite Mineral

“…UNESCO has recognized batik as one of Indonesia's original cultural heritages, which has led to the development of the batik industry in Indonesia. Yogyakarta is one of the regions in Indonesia that is active in producing batik [1] In Indonesia, the batik industry is the largest home-based textile industry [2]. The textile industry is one of the industries that produces the most significant wastewater due to extensive water consumption in its production process, around 80-95% of waste is generated from total water consumption [3][4][5].…”

“…In addition to the large volume of waste generated, various pollutants are contained in batik waste. Some pollutants in batik waste include phenol, sulfide, and color [2,6]. Phenol is one of the organic compounds found in batik wastewater due to the use of wax during the batik process [7].…”