Treatment of Acute Intestinal Infection in Minks

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies on the effectiveness of the multicomponent drug Nifulin (powder for oral administration) in the treatment of acute gastrointestinal infection in minks. The active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) of the drug are metronidazole, furazolidone and oxytetracycline hydrochloride. The researches were conducted on 135 minks of standard dark brown breed at the age of 4–5 months with acute gastrointestinal infection. To isolate and identify pathogens from sick minks with intestinal infection, samples of feces were taken, and from animal’s corpses – samples of parenchymal organs. On the basis of clinical signs of the disease and results of bacteriological researches of biomaterial, a diagnosis – salmonellosis has been put. The test for the sensitivity of bacteria-isolates to oxytetracycline showed a high degree of sensitivity of isolated strains of Salmonella to this antibiotic.
 Nifulin was administered orally at a dose of 0,3g/kg body weight with food three times a day for 3 days. For laboratory tests blood sampling was performed from 10 animals before treatment and on the 10th day from the latest application of the drug.
 Morphological studies of blood samples of sick minks before treatment established a significant increase in the number of leukocytes, and in leukoformula – an increased relative number of rod-nucleated neutrophils and lymphocytes, a decreased number of segmentonuclear neutrophils. Biochemical studies of blood serum revealed a decrease in total protein content, increased transaminase enzyme activity and increased urea and creatinine content, compared with physiological norms.
 On the 10th day after antibiotic therapy hematological studies established a reliable decrease in the relative number of leukocytes by 65,4%, in the number of rod-nucleated neutrophils by 1,3 times and in the number of lymphocytes by 1,9 times, an increase in the number of segmentonuclear neutrophils by 1,4 times. The results of biochemical tests of mink’s serum blood indicated a reliable increase in the total protein content by 18% and increased ALT and AST enzyme activity, compared with the physiological values. The increase in serum AST activity in 1.8 times was noted, that can be explained, as a consequence of the disease, and the influence of antibiotics on the mink’s liver functional state. In this case, a decrease in urea content in 1.3 times and creatinine content – in 1.5 times was determined, the values of these indicators were normalized, indicating the restoration of the physiological state of the mink’s kidneys.
 As a result of the treatment of minks the clinical signs of the disease were gradually disappeared: diarrhea stopped, body temperature and respiratory frequency normalized, general condition has improved. In most animals (130 goals) clinical recovery came. During the application of Nifulin manifestations of adverse reactions or negative effects in the experimental minks were not observed.

Biochemical, clinical manifestation of vitamin D deficiency in calves

“…Animals were often diagnosed with atony of the stomachs. Similar results have been obtained in research (Pyatnychko et al, 2014) that were manifested by characteristic symptoms, i.e., a decrease in appetite, and messy hair, followed by the development of short stature. As a result of the research of Stadnyk A. M. ( 2008) with co-authors, in calves, there is a decrease in appetite and licking, and they lag in growth and development.…”

“…An analysis of rations is carried out to assess the vitamin-mineral status of animals, including the content of vitamin D, calcium, and phosphorus (the ratio between calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D). An average balance between these three components is essential to ensure the normal metabolism of calcium and phosphorus (Pyatnychko et al, 2014). During the work at the farm, the conditions of keeping and feeding animals were studied, and clinical and experimental studies were conducted.…”

Moderní aspekty vědy

“…Animals were frequently diagnosed with foregut atony. Similar results were obtained in studies [84], which were manifested by characteristic symptoms such as decreased appetite, hair loss and subsequent development of short stature. As a result of research by Stadnyk A.M. ( 2008) and co-authors, calves have decreased appetite, licking, and stunted growth and development.…”

“…To assess the vitamin and mineral status of animals, rations are analysed, including the levels of vitamin D, calcium and phosphorus (the ratio of calcium, phosphorus and vitamin D). A normal balance between these three components is important to ensure normal calcium and phosphorus metabolism [84]. During the on-farm work, we examined the housing and feeding conditions of the animals and carried out clinical and experimental studies.…”