Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID-19

Luo, Jian Ming; Lam, Chi Fung

doi:10.3390/ijerph17217859

Cited by 168 publications

(252 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…On the other hand, since individuals who are less likely to get the vaccine tend to be more health risk complacent or tolerant, they had already adopted a lifestyle similar to the life they had before the pandemic with the increasing opening of the economy and easing of the travel restrictions. Furthermore, during the early stages of the vaccination process, perceived COVID-19 health risks associated with traveling to a destination and staying in a hotel and the resulting fear of getting infected and travel anxiety were still high (Luo & Lam, 2020). The availably of a possible mitigator to these risks within few months made pro-vaccine individuals more reluctant to travel to a destination and stay at a hotel.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions on travel intentions

Gürsoy

Can²,

Williams

et al. 2021

The Service Industries Journal

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This study examines the evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions and vaccine hesitancy on travel intentions. The study also examines the sociodemographic factors that can influence willingness to take the vaccine and vaccine hesitancy since achieving herd immunity is critical for social and economic recovery. Data were collected through five surveys from a total of 4,223 individuals in the USA between February 2021 and May of 2021. The findings of the study indicate that over 70 per cent of the respondents are willing to get vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine. Vaccination intention and hesitancy rates have also been stable over time. Early in the vaccination process, vaccination intentions negatively impacted travel intentions, suggesting that individuals who are willing to get the vaccine postponed their travels in the short term, while individuals who do not plan to get the vaccine may not have changed their travel plans as travel restrictions were eased. However, this negative impact disappeared later as the number of vaccinated individuals significantly increased, closing the gap between the two groups. Findings also suggest that sociodemographic factors such as generational age, gender, marital status, education, region, race, religion, occupation influence the COVID-19 vaccination intention and vaccine hesitancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions on travel intentions

Gürsoy

Can²,

Williams

et al. 2021

The Service Industries Journal

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“…The high frequency of the international travel group has the strongest influence of biosecurity values on the VAB model, followed by the medium and low groups, inferring that using levels of international travel frequency is significant in predicting likely biosecurity attitudes, personal norms, social norms, and tourist biosecurity behavior. Given the important role of international travel in the spread of infectious diseases, including in the context of COVID-19, this research provides further insights into international tourism management practices [ 46 , 55 ] and improvements in biosafety and biosecurity in responding to contagious diseases [ 56 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tourist biosecurity behavior can be defined as practices to prevent the transfer of infectious diseases, such as COVID-19, or exotic flora and fauna between locations during travel [ 1 ]. Risk attitude toward COVID-19 has a negative effect on travel intention [ 46 ]. Individual attitudes toward COVID-19 restriction measures lead to behaviors such as wearing face masks [ 22 ].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does International Travel Frequency Affect COVID-19 Biosecurity Behavior in the United States?

Kim

Hall

Bonn

2021

IJERPH

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High-quality biosecurity practices are critical to restarting international tourism. Effective market segmentation improves the communication and efficacy of health advice. Travel frequency is an important basis for health-related consumer segmentation, as it is closely related to risk of greater exposure to infectious diseases. Theoretically grounded studies of tourist biosecurity behavior and travel frequency have largely been neglected, although insights into practices and attitudes are especially relevant for coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19 (coronavirus disease of 2019) health responses. Therefore, this research constructed and tested a conceptual model applying Value–Attitude–Behavior theory to US travelers to see whether the frequency of international travel affected tourist COVID-19 related biosecurity behavior. US respondents were drawn from a panel using a quota sampling technique according to the age and gender of American outbound tourists. An online survey was administered in September 2020. The responses (n = 395) of those who traveled internationally within five years were analyzed utilizing partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with multi-group analysis. Travel frequency significantly affects biosecurity behavior. High travel frequency (≥8 trips) has the strongest effect of value on biosecurity attitudes, personal norms, social norms, and biosecurity social norms, leading to biosecurity behaviors. Biosecurity behaviors pertaining to medium travel frequency (4–7 trips) are significantly influenced by personal norms. At low travel frequency (1–3 trips) levels, biosecurity behaviors are stimulated by biosecurity attitudes and social norms, showing the highest predictive power among the three groups. This work provides insights into international travel consumer biosecurity practices and behavior. From a market segmentation perspective, the levels of international travel frequency have various influences on biosecurity values, attitudes, personal norms, social norms, and behaviors. The biosecurity behaviors of low-frequency travelers are found to be the most significant of the three groups, suggesting that individuals who travel less frequently are more likely to practice responsible COVID-19 biosecurity behavior.

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“…"The spread of covid-19 through frequent long-distance travel, massive cruise ships, and short distance flights" [81]. The COVID-19 outbreak has caused border closures, domestic and international travel has been stopped, and 65 international airlines have reduced flights by 95% [82]. The Allplane website released a piece of news, indicating that the "airline bankruptcy list has been made public"; thirty airlines worldwide declared bankruptcy [83].…”

Section: The Transportation Industry and The Covid-19 Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model

Chang

2021

Sustainability

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The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism industry is still being sustained, and the response of the tourism industry is an indispensable element that is increasingly recognized. This response has led to the emergence of literature about the impact of COVID-19 on the stakeholders of the tourism industry, thereby contributing to the industry. Nonetheless, the criteria factors and investigated practices for the implementation of decision-making by stakeholders in the tourism industry have not been fully explored. This study adopts Teorija Rezhenija Izobre-tatelskikh Zadach (TRIZ) principles and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methods to construct a gap model of tourism stakeholders (GMTS) which solves the tourism industry decision-making problem under COVID-19. With a research background in Taiwan’s tourism industry stakeholders made up of 15 expert participants, GMTS identified 11 criteria factors, of which the three most important criteria factors provide decision-making directions. The causal relationship between these criteria factors was examined, and a causal diagram was drawn to clarify the most important criteria factors. This research examined the criteria factor implementation perspective. Travel “bubble zones” that ensure both “safety and quality” were concluded upon under government policies in the countries and regions of the world. Furthermore, the tourism industry is responsible for the overall “planning and management” of the travel “bubble zones”. Therefore, the “quality management” criteria factor provides important key decision-making for tourism stakeholders. The research indicates that it is recommended to attach importance to the “quality management” of the international travel “bubble zone” as the priority decision-making criteria factor under the pandemic. Furthermore, conversion policies and tourism regulations are secondary criteria factors for improvement; when these two criteria factors are immediately improved, other criteria factors will be affected simultaneously and the degree of improvement will be weakened. In addition, GMTS was developed for the tourism industry. The article also provides research literature and practice implications for stakeholders in the tourism industry, thereby providing insight for tourism to obtain a clear understanding of how to prepare for the implementation of sustainable development.

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Travel Anxiety, Risk Attitude and Travel Intentions towards “Travel Bubble” Destinations in Hong Kong: Effect of the Fear of COVID-19

Cited by 168 publications

References 48 publications

Evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions on travel intentions

Evolving impacts of COVID-19 vaccination intentions on travel intentions

Does International Travel Frequency Affect COVID-19 Biosecurity Behavior in the United States?

Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Tourism Industry: Applying TRIZ and DEMATEL to Construct a Decision-Making Model

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