Traumatic myiasis in dogs caused byWohlfahrtia magnificaand its importance in the epidemiology of wohlfahrtiosis of livestock

Abstract

. In the province of Al Hoceima, northern Morocco, and on two farms in Hungary, dogs were inspected for the presence of traumatic myiasis. Nine and four infested dogs were found in Morocco and Hungary, respectively. All the larvae and adults reared from them in the laboratory were identified as Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). To our knowledge, these are the first cases of wohlfahrtiosis in dogs to be reported in these countries. All infested animals lived close to livestock, where wohlfahrtiosis was endemic. Infested body sites included limbs (six cases), external genitalia (two), ears (three), nose (one) and neck (one). Developing larvae caused severe welfare problems and tissue destruction in most cases. Although the number of cases reported here is small, wohlfahrtiosis in dogs may be very important from an epidemiological perspective because farm and stray dogs can act as both reservoirs and carriers of this parasitic fly species. Therefore, education of dog owners concerning the risk factors in endemic regions is recommended in order to reduce the prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis in dogs and thereby in livestock. Both owners and veterinarians should pay regular attention to any wounds and to the natural orifices of dogs, especially during the fly seasons. environment for developing maggots. Dogs confined outdoors are most susceptible to fly strike, especially those which have faecal or urine-stained coats, draining wounds or inflamed tissues (e.g. otitis externa, pyometra or infected paraproctal glands).Sarcophagid flies can also cause facultative myiasis in dogs: Principato et al. (1994) reported a rare case of an Italian dog with traumatic myiasis caused by larvae of Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis (Fallen). Obligate traumatic myiasis-causing fly species can also infest dogs, but there have been only a few reported cases. The New World screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), which is responsible for severe economic losses in livestock in the New World, has infested many local dogs in Brazil ( Cramer-Ribeiro et al. , 2003 ). Larvae of the Old World screwworm fly, Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve, occurring in Africa and Asia, was found in the wounds of dogs ( Chemonges-Nielsen, 2003 ). The movement of these exotic myiasis-causing fly species, as well as the Tumbu fly ( Cordylobia anthropophaga Blanchard), between continents in infested dogs carries a potential threat of introductions to Europe and other continents where they do not yet exist ( Anon., 1987;Chermette, 1989;Fox et al. , 1992;Hendrix et al. , 1995;Dongus et al. , 1996;Chemonges-Nielsen, 2003;Ferroglio et al. , 2003 ). Wohlfahrt ' s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner), which is one of the most important obligate traumatic myiasis-causing species in the Palaearctic zone, is widely distributed from the Mediterranean basin, through central and eastern Europe to northern Asia. Infestations with larvae of W. magnifica (wohlfahrtiosis) have been detected in many domesticated animal species (e.g. sheep,...

Enabling technologies to improve area‐wide integrated pest management programmes for the control of screwworms

“…bezziana is extremely large and, as a consequence, sampling has been very patchy and there are several large gaps, including all of India and the Horn of Africa. During the course of the larval sampling much new information was collected on the host preference, prevalence, and epidemiology of the three screwworm species (Hall et al , 2009; Coronado & Kowalski, 2009; Farkas et al , 2009). During sampling for Wohlfahrtia in Northern Spain, a new species was collected and described (Hall et al , 2009).…”

İki Yeni Kayıtla Birlikte, Yozgat İli Küçük Leş Ziyaretçisi Sarcophagidae (Diptera) Türlerinin Belirlenmesi Üzerine Bir Ön Çalışma

“…Therefore, these two family are the most utilized insect species in forensic entomology experiments (Campobasso et al, 2001;Cherix et al, 2012;Kyerematen et al, 2013;Ren et al, 2018). The adult sarcophagids mainly feed on various fluids or sugar containing materials such as nectar, but larvae have a large scale of feeding habits such as coprophagy, necrophagy, saprophagy, predation or parasitism in invertebrates (such terrestrial arthropods, annelids or molluscs) and myiasis producing in vertebrates (Pape, 1987;Pe´rez-Moreno 2006;Farkas et al, 2009;Cherix et al, 2012). To predict the limits of these habits for all species are not easy because of the so many facultative tendencies, particularly for the most diverse genus Sarcophaga.…”

First Report of Emerging Zoonotic Pathogen Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica in the United States

“…Wohlfahrtia magnifica is an obligate parasitic fly and the most important cause of wound myiasis in warm-blooded vertebrates in southeastern Europe, southern and Asiatic Russia, the Near East, and North Africa. Larvae are deposited near wounds or body openings of humans and animals such as sheep, goats, cattle, horses, donkeys, pigs, dogs, camels, and geese (8). However, identification of ectoparasites or an attempt to isolate bacteria from observed parasites has not been done in previously reported cases of septicemia in humans.…”