Trauma‐induced central diabetes insipidus in a cat

Abstract

A 1-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 4-week history of polydipsia that began immediately after an 8 metre fall. Trauma-induced central diabetes insipidus was suspected on the basis of the identification of hyposthenuria, normal haematology and serum biochemistry profile and unremarkable abdominal ultrasound examination. Failure to concentrate urine with water deprivation followed by production of hypersthenuric urine with administration of the synthetic antidiuretic hormone, Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), confirmed the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus. Treatment via conjunctival administration of DDAVP failed to attenuate the polydipsia, however, resolution of polydipsia was achieved with subcutaneous administration of DDAVP and the cat remains eudipsic with twice daily subcutaneous DDAVP administration 17 months after diagnosis.

Head trauma as a possible cause of central diabetes insipidus in a cat

“…17,28,29 As changes in the neurohypophysis occur rarely and may lead to CDI, only 18 cases have been reported in cats. 5,6,10,21,30 In this case, initial signs of PD, PU and nocturia, which began a month after the trauma, raised the possibilities of renal, liver disease, and diabetes mellitus, as well as diabetes insipidus. These were felt to be excluded based on the absence of alterations on hematology and serum biochemistry.…”

“…9 NDI, an impaired responsiveness of the kidney to ADH, can be congenital or secondary to renal or metabolic disorders that alter the normal interaction between ADH and renal tubular receptors. 30 In NDI or CDI, USG remains low during water deprivation test, but very little, or no, rise in USG is observed after desmopressin administration in NDI. 9,15 Therefore, CDI was suggested by a marked increase in USG from 1.006 to 1.023, which demonstrated normal renal tubular responsiveness to ADH, [9][10][11]31 along with a dramatic drop in daily water consumption 8 h after hormone administration.…”

“…5,9,10,11,30,31 WDT and desmopressin, an analogue of ADH, 9,30 administration were used to evaluate the ability of hypothalamus and neurohypophysis to produce and secrete ADH in response to dehydration and the ability of the kidney to respond to the hormone. 30 In this case, an increase in heart rate and reduction in body weight were used to determine the timing of desmopressin (2 μg SC/animal) administration. [14][15][16] During the test, water was provided only for maintenance (2.5-3 ml/kg/h) 9 owing to the risk of over-hydration and brain edema if offered ad libitum.…”

Application of Peptide for Improving Animal Health and Livestock Productivity

“…Von Willebrand merupakan suatu kelainan yang menyebabkan darah sulit membeku. Desmopressin merupakan pilihan yang direkomendasikan untuk pengobatan kucing yang menderita polyuria karena diabetes insipidus sentralis (Campbell & Bredhauer 2008).…”

Aquaporin‐2 regulation in health and disease

“…Congenital CDI in dogs has been reported rarely . The majority of the reported cases of CDI in cats were the result of head trauma or were idiopathic with rare reports of congenital CDI or CDI secondary to neoplasia …”