Trauma in Hispanic youth with psychiatric symptoms: Investigating gender and family effects.

Suarez-Morales, Lourdes; Mena, Maite P.; Schlaudt, V.; Santisteban, Daniel A.

doi:10.1037/tra0000216

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Although hypervigilance and gender were not correlated in bivariate analyses, they were partially correlated when controlling for age, nationality, trauma, family resilience, and discrimination. These findings line up with other studies concluding that adolescent girls in general (McLaughlin et al, 2013) and Latina girls in particular (Suarez-Morales et al, 2017) are at greater risk for developing PTSD symptoms, potentially related to their underlying neurobiology (Garza & Jovanovic, 2017) and gender role socialization (Street & Dardis, 2018). Gender role socialization may contribute to girls’ and women’s schemas, for example, about self-blame, responsibility, and world as dangerous, that exacerbate PTSD symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Discrimination and PTSD among Latinx immigrant youth: The moderating effects of gender.

Brabeck¹,

Cardoso²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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Objective: Discrimination is a minority-related stressor that contributes to mental health disparities between Latinx youth and their racial/ethnic peers. Discrimination activates the body's stress response system, resulting in a higher allostatic load that can cause mental health problems such as PTSD. We explored 1) the relation between perceived discrimination and PTSD symptoms among Latinx immigrant youth, and 2) how gender moderates this relation. Methods: We conducted surveys with 306 Latinx firstand second-generation immigrant youth during the 2018-19 school year in Harris County, Texas and Rhode Island. Results: We found that youth who perceived more discrimination were more likely to report PTSD symptoms. Female participants reported higher levels of PTSD symptoms than males, including higher levels of avoidance and reexperiencing symptoms. Perceived discrimination was associated with increased PTSD symptoms, including hypervigilance and avoidance symptoms, for female participants but not males. These interactions did not differ by location. Conclusion: These results further provide support for research into discrimination as a potentially traumatic experience linked to PTSD and underscore the importance of including discrimination in assessments of trauma and adverse childhood outcomes among Latinx immigrant youth. Results further suggest the importance of an intersectional approach to understanding how discrimination relates to PTSD among Latinx immigrant youth. Clinical Impact StatementPerceived discrimination predicted PTSD symptoms among firstand second-generation Latinx immigrant youth. Additionally, youths' gender mattered: Greater perceived discrimination was associated with increase in PTSD symptoms for girls but not boys. This study shows the importance of exploring discrimination as a potentially traumatic event, and of understanding how youths' differences are unique based on gender.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Discrimination and PTSD among Latinx immigrant youth: The moderating effects of gender.

Brabeck¹,

Cardoso²,

Chen³

et al. 2022

Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy

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“…Compared to Non‐Hispanic Whites, Latinx adults report a rising burden of depressive symptoms (McKnight‐Eily et al., 2021; Ward et al., 2019). Similarly, Latinx youth experience higher rates of suicide, post‐traumatic stress disorder, and substance use compared to their non‐Hispanic peers (Suarez‐Morales et al., 2017; Taylor & Ruiz, 2017; Vargas et al., 2021). Rates of mental health difficulties are thus rising in the Latinx community, particularly as the number of years living in the United States and exposure to new acculturative stressors increases (Perreira et al., 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti‐immigration policies of the trump administration: A review of Latinx mental health and resilience in the face of structural violence

Rabin

Stough

Dutt

et al. 2022

Anal Soc Iss & Public Policy

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Poor mental health outcomes are a growing concern among Latinx children and adults in the U.S. While existing research has documented risk factors to these mental health disparities, such as barriers to healthcare access and fear of deportation, less is known about the impacts of Former President Trump's anti-immigrant rhetoric and federal efforts to curb migration on Latinx mental health.Thus, the purpose of this review was two-fold: (1) to review the empirical literature for any quantitative or qualitative findings discussing the relationship between federal immigration policies passed under the Trump administration and mental health outcomes of the Latinx community and(2) to understand the range of resilience factors that may have facilitated Latinx youth and adults to overcome these sociopolitical changes. Utilizing a modified version of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines, we conducted a narrative review of 21 empirical articles. The review characterizes literature across the fields of psychology, counseling, social justice,This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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“…In another study of Hispanic families, family conflict more strongly predicted boys’ depressive symptoms than girls (Lorenzo-Blanco et al, 2012). Similarly, high family conflict has been linked to Hispanic boys’ post traumatic stress disorder symptoms but not girls’, whereas family cohesion was more strongly linked to Hispanic girls’ post traumatic stress disorder symptoms than boys’ symptoms (Suarez-Morales et al, 2017). Another study of Mexican immigrant families found that the link between adolescent–parent relationships and adolescent psychological adjustment was stronger for girls than boys (Updegraff et al, 2009).…”

Section: Internalizing Symptoms Among Hispanic Adolescentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hispanic adolescents’ internalizing symptoms and positive family functioning: A bidirectional examination of associations over time.

Simpson,

Córdova,

Lincoln

et al. 2024

Journal of Family Psychology

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Open communication with parents, defined as perceived ease of adolescent–parent disclosure, and family support are components of positive family functioning linked with fewer adolescent internalizing symptoms. However, relatively little is known about bidirectional pathways over time. Even less is known about bidirectional pathways for Hispanic adolescents or about the role of adolescent and parent gender. Therefore, this study examined bidirectional pathways between positive family functioning and adolescent internalizing symptoms over time in a sample of Hispanic middle school adolescents (N = 340; 51% female, Mage = 13.27 years, SD = .77), who completed surveys in the fall of 2016 (Time 1) and the spring of 2017 (Time 2; N = 284; 52% female). Results indicated that positive family functioning, including open communication with mothers and fathers, predicted fewer depressive symptoms for girls, but not for boys. Open communication with fathers predicted fewer anxiety symptoms for girls and boys. Girls’ depressive symptoms, but not boys’, predicted decreases in open communication with fathers. Boys’ depressive symptoms predicted less family support. Unexpectedly, boys’ anxiety symptoms predicted increased family support. These findings highlight gendered pathways linking family functioning and internalizing symptoms in Hispanic adolescents over time, including the relative importance of open communication with fathers. Gendered findings emphasize the utility of family-based prevention and early intervention programs targeting internalizing symptoms, especially for Hispanic girls.

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Trauma in Hispanic youth with psychiatric symptoms: Investigating gender and family effects.

Cited by 6 publications

References 45 publications

Discrimination and PTSD among Latinx immigrant youth: The moderating effects of gender.

Discrimination and PTSD among Latinx immigrant youth: The moderating effects of gender.

Anti‐immigration policies of the trump administration: A review of Latinx mental health and resilience in the face of structural violence

Hispanic adolescents’ internalizing symptoms and positive family functioning: A bidirectional examination of associations over time.

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