Tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina durante el embarazo

Ruiz, Carlos A. Jiménez

doi:10.1157/13091650

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Recently it has been suggested that all pregnant women should stop smoking immediately because if a mother abstains from smoking during the first three months of her pregnancy, the risks to the fetus are the same as those of a fetus of a non-smoking mother [4]. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is prescribed by many health professionals to assist smokers to quit the habit.…”

Section: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (Nrt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of NRT is widely promoted because it is often thought that nicotine is not harmful [4]. However, several studies show that nicotine can damage the fetal lungs, heart, and the central nervous system.…”

Section: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (Nrt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In North America 20–25% of pregnant women smoke tobacco and in Spain this figure varies between 30% and 36% [4]. Although nearly 41% of smokers try to quit the habit each year, relapse is common, and only about 10% achieve and maintain abstinence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life-long Programming Implications of Exposure to Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Before and Soon After Birth: Evidence for Altered Lung Development

Maritz

Harding

2011

IJERPH

108

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Tobacco smoking during pregnancy remains common, especially in indigenous communities, and likely contributes to respiratory illness in exposed offspring. It is now well established that components of tobacco smoke, notably nicotine, can affect multiple organs in the fetus and newborn, potentially with life-long consequences. Recent studies have shown that nicotine can permanently affect the developing lung such that its final structure and function are adversely affected; these changes can increase the risk of respiratory illness and accelerate the decline in lung function with age. In this review we discuss the impact of maternal smoking on the lungs and consider the evidence that smoking can have life-long, programming consequences for exposed offspring. Exposure to maternal tobacco smoking and nicotine intake during pregnancy and lactation changes the genetic program that controls the development and aging of the lungs of the offspring. Changes in the conducting airways and alveoli reduce lung function in exposed offspring, rendering the lungs more susceptible to obstructive lung disease and accelerating lung aging. Although it is generally accepted that prevention of maternal smoking during pregnancy and lactation is essential, current knowledge of the effects of nicotine on lung development does not support the use of nicotine replacement therapy in this group.

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Section: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (Nrt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Nicotine Replacement Therapy (Nrt)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Life-long Programming Implications of Exposure to Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Before and Soon After Birth: Evidence for Altered Lung Development

Maritz

Harding

2011

IJERPH

108

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“…In many, low and middle income countries, smoking in pregnancy is an emerging problem [2,3]. In developed countries, the problem is established with the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy reported at around 10% in Canada [4] and Japan [5], 14% in the USA [6], 30-35% in Spain [7] and in the UK in 2010, 12% of women smoked throughout their pregnancy [8]. As in many high income countries, smoking prevalence during pregnancy in the UK has decreased over the past decade [4,8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Provision of smoking cessation support for pregnant women in England: results from an online survey of NHS stop smoking services for pregnant women

Fahy

Cooper

Coleman

et al. 2014

BMC Health Serv Res

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BackgroundSmoking during pregnancy is a major public health concern and an NHS priority. In 2010, 26% of UK women smoked immediately before or during their pregnancy and 12% smoked continuously. Smoking cessation support is provided through free at the point of use Stop Smoking Services for Pregnant women (SSSP). However, to date, little is known of how these services provide support across England. The aim of this study was to describe the key elements of support provided through English SSSP.MethodsSSSP managers were invited to participate in this survey by email. Data were then collected via an online questionnaire; one survey was completed for each SSSP. Up to four reminder emails were sent over a two month period.Results86% (121 of 141) of services completed the survey. Responding services were, on average, larger than non-responding services in terms of the number of pregnant women setting quit dates and successfully quitting (p < 0.01). In line with the 2010 NICE guidelines, Stop Smoking in Pregnancy and following Childbirth, one in five SSSP identified pregnant smokers using carbon monoxide (CO) testing and refer via an opt-out pathway. All services offered nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to pregnant women and 87% of services also offered dual therapy NRT, i.e. combination of a patch and short acting NRT product.. The 2010 NICE guidelines note that services should be flexible and client-centred. Consistent with this, SSSP offer pregnant women a range of support types (median 4) including couple/family, group (open or closed) or one-to-one. These are available in a number of locations (median 5), including in community venues, clinics and women’s homes.ConclusionsEnglish Stop Smoking Services offer behavioural support and pharmacotherapy to pregnant women motivated to quit smoking. Interventions provided are generally evidence-based and delivered in a variety of both social and health care settings.

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“…For example, prevalence rates range from 9.9% in Japan [10], to 17% in Australia [11], to 30-35% in Spain [12]. In Canada, the prevalence of smoking among pregnant women was estimated to be 17% in 2000/01 [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and associated risk factors among Canadian women: a national survey

Al-Sahab

Saqib

Hauser

et al. 2010

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth

136

111

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BackgroundCigarette smoking carries a threat both to the expecting mother and her newborn. Data on the prevalence and predictors of smoking during pregnancy is limited in Canada. Canadian studies are mainly representative of specific cities and/or provinces. Therefore, the study aims to assess the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and its associated risk factors throughout the Canadian provinces and territories.MethodsThe analysis was based on the Maternity Experience Survey targeting women aged ≥15 years who had singleton live births during 2005/06 in the Canadian provinces and territories. The outcome was ever smoking during the thirst trimester of pregnancy. Socio-economic factors, demographic factors, maternal characteristics, and pregnancy related factors that proved to be significant at the bivariate level were considered for a logistic regression analysis. Bootstrapping was performed to account for the complex sampling design.ResultsThe sample size was 6,421 weighted to represent 76,508 Canadian women. The prevalence of smoking during pregnancy was 10.5%, whereby smoking mothers consumed on average 7 cigarettes a day (95% Confidence interval - CI: 6.5-7.4; SD = 5.7). Regression analysis revealed that mothers who smoked during pregnancy were more likely to be of low socio-economic status, non-immigrant, single and passive smokers during pregnancy. Not attending prenatal classes and experiencing stressful events before/during pregnancy also increased the mothers' odds of smoking during pregnancy. While the age of the mother's first pregnancy was negatively associated with smoking during pregnancy, the mother's current age was positively associated with it.ConclusionSmoking during pregnancy is still prevalent among Canadian women. The findings may be useful to enhance smoking prevention programs and integrated health promotion strategies to promote positive health behaviors among disadvantaged pregnancies.

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Tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina durante el embarazo

Cited by 18 publications

References 37 publications

Life-long Programming Implications of Exposure to Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Before and Soon After Birth: Evidence for Altered Lung Development

Life-long Programming Implications of Exposure to Tobacco Smoking and Nicotine Before and Soon After Birth: Evidence for Altered Lung Development

Provision of smoking cessation support for pregnant women in England: results from an online survey of NHS stop smoking services for pregnant women

Prevalence of smoking during pregnancy and associated risk factors among Canadian women: a national survey

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