Tratamiento en La Prensa Digital De Un Fenómeno Geográfico: La Turistificación

Abstract

La generalización del turismo barato –lowcost– y el uso masivo de plataformas colaborativas para el alquiler temporal de viviendas han potenciado en los últimos años los impactos que esta actividad económica ya de por sí tenía en ciudades de todo el mundo. Aunque el efecto más estudiado, por lo extendido, es la influencia directa en el precio del alquiler, la literatura especializada relaciona cada vez más aspectos como los conflictos asociados a la convivencia, la gentrificación, la privatización del espacio público o los problemas ambientales con un desarrollo turístico masivo y no planificado. Este artículo hace un análisis del seguimiento y tratamiento que se hace del término “turistificación” en la prensa española en el año 2018, como una aproximación al grado de instalación social del fenómeno. The spreading of low cost tourism and the mass use of collaborative platforms for temporary rental of living accommodation in the last years have increased the social impact of these economic practices in many cities worldwide. Notwithstanding their direct influence on rental prices as the most direct effect and the focus of most research thus far, many studies are increasingly relating this massive and unplanned touristic development to issues such as neighborhood conflicts, gentrification, public space privatizing or environmental problems. The present study tracks the use of the term “turistificación” (touristification) in the Spanish press during 2018, using a Discourse and Genre approach to examineits coverage in four newspapers, in order to ascertain its relative presence and its pervasivenessas a social issue.

Touristification and Conflicts of Interest in Cruise Destinations: The Case of Main Cultural Tourism Cities on the Spanish Mediterranean Coast

“…Once the most-read local newspapers from April 2019 to March 2020 were selected, the collection of news items was carried out using online archives and searching for the following keywords: (1) 'turistificación' (touristification), (2) 'gentrificación' (gentrification), and (3) 'apartamentos turísticos' (peer-to-peer accommodation). The first two topics have been used in recent studies on content and/or discursive analysis of actors reported in the media, offering insight into the struggles with the touristification [84][85][86] and gentrification [87][88][89] phenomena, together with other related terms such as Airbnb [90][91][92]. However, the last keyword considered was used as a broader and more holistic concept related to non-traditional tourist accommodation rather than a P2P platform, and for including other Spanish related terms, such as 'alquiler turístico' (short-term rental), 'apartamentos vacacionales' (holiday apartments) and 'viviendas turísticas' (holiday housing).…”

The representation of touristification in media through mapping: the case of Malaga

“…Likewise, a few research studies also include other keywords such as 'sharing economy' or 'collaborative consumption' (Ozdemir;Turker, 2019), and 'Uber' (Lehmann et al, 2020). Focusing on the tourism gentrification phenomenon, recent studies consider the keywords 'turistificación' (touristification) (Egio-Rubio;Fernández Toledo, 2020) and 'gentrification' with other related terms using the Boolean operator AND to combine search terms (Adelman;Balta Ozgen;Rabii, 2019;Ley;Teo, 2014). To have a holistic approach to the tourism gentrification phenomenon in the case of Malaga, the following keywords in Spanish were used to search for news: (1) 'turistificación' (touristification); (2) 'gentrificación' (gentrification); and…”

“…Recent research has explored how newspapers cover community groups, residents and other actors involved in the conflict of interests due to urban tourism, through content analysis (Table 1). These qualitative and/or quantitative analyses offer insights into the struggles with the touristification phenomenon (Egio-Rubio;Fernández Toledo, 2020;Huízar Sanchéz;López Ramos;Baños Francia, 2020;Mansilla López, 2019) and identify relevant related topics such as: (1) Airbnb (Hassanli;Small;Darcy, 2022;Lehmann et al, 2020;Ozdemir;Turker, 2019); (2) gentrification (Adelman;Balta Ozgen;Rabii, 2019;Gin;Taylor, 2010;Ley;Teo, 2014); (3) overtourism (González-Reverté;Soliguer-Guix, 2022;Guizi;Breda;Costa, 2020;Mínguez;Blanco-Romero;Blázquez-Salom, 2022); (4) urban tourism (Boager;Castro, 2022); (5) tourism phobia (Pérez-García; García Abad, 2018); (6) rooming houses, which provide short-term rentals (Grant;Derksen;Ramos, 2019); and (7) hipsters, whose associated lifestyle has a spatial dimension contributing to the gentrification phenomenon (le Grand, 2020).…”

“…Not only is it important to show which urban areas are reported in the press, but it is also necessary to identify on a map which stakeholders take part in the conflict of interest because of urban tourism. A few research studies list stakeholders by actors' groups such as residents, market agents or tourists, but it is not shown where they operate through their geolocation (Boager;Castro, 2022;Egio-Rubio;Fernández Toledo, 2020;Grant;Derksen;Ramos, 2019;Guizi;Breda;Costa, 2020;Lehmann et al, 2020). From a territorial perspective, few studies have focused on mapping touristification using newspaper-related content and stakeholders.…”

El Camino de Santiago y el Xacobeo como fenómenos polisémicos: reflexiones a través del estudio de su imagen mediática

“…El concepto de imagen resume la idea de que los consumidores -o peregrinos, en este caso-compran o eligen marcas no únicamente por sus características físicas o funcionales, sino también por el significado que tal producto posee para la consecución de una serie de valores. Basándose en esta premisa, la "personalidad" del Camino de Santiago y de la marca Xacobeo no están solamente determinadas por lo que ofrecen (vivencia religiosa, espiritual, cultural, social, deportiva, gastronómica…), sino también por factores como la publicidad, la aparición en informativos o las opiniones y comentarios en redes sociales, entre otros (Andrade Suárez y Caamaño Franco, 2016), los cuales influyen directamente en sus representaciones sociales (Egio Rubio y Fernández Toledo, 2020). De hecho, la percepción del viaje turístico y el comportamiento del turista en el lugar que visita están profundamente mediatizados por la imagen a priori o el estereotipo que este comparte previamente (Escudero Gómez, 2018).…”