Transversely isotropic magnetoactive elastomers: theory and experiments

Beheshti, Alireza; Rakheja, Subhash

doi:10.1007/s00419-020-01778-0

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Considering the Equations (2)–(4) in Equation (1), with the assumption of the Neo-Hookean hyperelastic material model for a nearly incompressible magnetoelastic medium [ 48 , 49 ] and linear elastic wave motion [ 50 , 51 ], and also considering field-dependent material properties of magnetorheological elastomers [ 49 ], the governing equation of motion for a unit cell in the presence of induced magnetic flux density,

, can be evaluated as:

where the

and

are the field-dependent mass and stiffness matrices of the unit cell, respectively, which are dependent on external magnetic flux (

), elastic modulus (

), unit cell geometry, density, and magnetic susceptibility (

) of the filled elastomer with a specific amount of iron volume fraction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of an Adaptive Periodic Low-Frequency Wave Filter Featuring Magnetorheological Elastomers

Jafari

2023

Polymers

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This study aims to enhance and tune wave-propagation properties (Bandgaps) of periodic structures featuring magnetorheological elastomers (MREs). For this purpose, first, a basic model of periodic structures (square unit cell with cross-shaped arms), which does not possess noise filtering properties in the conventional configuration, is considered. A passive attenuation zone is then proposed by adding a cylindrical core mass to the center of the conventional geometry and changing arm angles, which permitted new bandgap areas. It was shown that better wave-filtering performance may be achieved by introducing a large radius of the cylindrical core as well as low negative cross-arm angles. The modified configuration of the unit cell was subsequently utilized as the basic model for the development of magnetoactive metamaterial using a MRE capable of varying the bandgaps areas upon application of an external magnetic field. The finite element model of the proposed MRE-based periodic unit cell was developed, and the Bloch theorem was employed to systematically investigate the ability of the proposed adaptive periotic structure to attenuate low-frequency noise and vibration. Results show that the proposed MRE-based periodic wave filter can provide wide bandgap areas which can be adaptively changed and tuned using the applied magnetic field. The findings in this study can provide an essential guide for the development of novel adaptive periodic structures to filter low-frequency noises in the wide frequency band.

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, can be evaluated as:

where the

and

are the field-dependent mass and stiffness matrices of the unit cell, respectively, which are dependent on external magnetic flux (

), elastic modulus (

), unit cell geometry, density, and magnetic susceptibility (

) of the filled elastomer with a specific amount of iron volume fraction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of an Adaptive Periodic Low-Frequency Wave Filter Featuring Magnetorheological Elastomers

Jafari

2023

Polymers

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“…In this regard, classical invariants have been used in some studies to model the behavior of transversely isotropic materials. [149,[151][152][153] For hyperelastic transversely isotropic materials, Bustamante [149] used the isothermal Helmholtz free energy density function, Ω, which depends on ten invariants as follows…”

Section: Continuum-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first three invariants (I 1 -I 3 ) were associated with isotropic hyperelasticity, I 4 and I 5 were involved with transversely isotropic hyperelasticity, I 6 to I 8 were concerned with isotropic magneto-mechanical behavior, and the last two were concerned with anisotropic magneto mechanical behavior. [150,152] As some of the strain invariants used in modeling anisotropic MREs have no physical meaning, several studies have been conducted in order to obtain mathematical relations in terms of a novel set of invariants that have a physical interpretation. The ability to design experimental setups for obtaining the material's constant parameters can be greatly improved by knowing the physical meaning of invariants.…”

Section: Continuum-based Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this regard, classical invariants have been used in some studies to model the behavior of transversely isotropic materials. [ 149,151–153 ] For hyperelastic transversely isotropic materials, Bustamante [ 149 ] used the isothermal Helmholtz free energy density function

, \Omega ,

which depends on ten invariants as follows

\Omega = \Omega \left(\right. I_{1} , I_{2} , I_{3} , I_{4} , I_{5} , I_{6} , I_{7} , I_{8} , I_{9} , I_{10} \left.\right)

…”

Section: Modeling Of Mresmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Modeling of Magnetorheological Elastomers: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

Saber

2023

Adv Eng Mater

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The magnetorheological elastomers (MREs) are novel multifunctional materials wherein their viscoelastic properties can be varied instantly under an application of applied magnetic field. Due to their field‐dependent stiffness and damping properties, MREs are widely used in the development and design of MRE‐based adaptive vibration isolators and absorbers and also biomedical engineering. Moreover, MREs due to their inherent magnetostriction effect have enormous potential for the development of soft actuators. The dynamic behavior of MREs is affected by various material parameters (e.g., matrix and particle types, particle concentration, additives) as well as mechanical and magnetic loading parameters (e.g., frequency, amplitude, temperature, magnetic flux density). Understanding and predicting the effect of materials and loading parameters on the response behavior of MREs are of paramount importance for the design of MRE‐based adaptive structures and systems. This review paper mainly aims to provide a comprehensive study of material constitutive models to predict the nonlinear magnetomechanical behavior of MREs. Particular emphasis is paid to physics‐based models including continuum‐ and microstructure‐based models. Moreover, phenomenological models describing the dynamic magnetoviscoelastic behavior of MREs as well as the effect of temperature on the magnetomechanical behavior of such materials are properly addressed.

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“…Many different kinds of MAE materials have been reported in the past couple of years. From the point of driving principle, MAE materials can be simply divided into two main categories (Beheshti et al, 2021; Lockette et al, 2011): Hard-magnetic-particle based MAE (H-MAE) and Soft-magnetic-particle based MAE (S-MAE), in which the latter can also be classified into Isotropic S-MAE and Anisotropic S-MAE. H-MAE with different geometric conditions can generate motions such as jump, swim, and wriggle under applied magnetic fields (Hu et al, 2018; Lum et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation properties of novel chain-like structural magneto-active elastomers

Gong

Yang

Qian

et al. 2022

Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures

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Soft Magneto-active Elastomer (MAE) with soft magnetic particles arranged in chains (chain-like structure) can be driven by homogenous magnetic fields, which has great application potential in the area of soft robots. It is important to reveal the relationship between the magneto-actuation characteristics and the arrangement of chain angle, which is one of the essential issues for the practical application of the MAE with chain-like structure. In this study, the kinetic deformation properties of centimeter-scale soft MAE samples with different chain angles subjected to applied homogenous magnetic fields will be investigated based on the designed experimental set-up, and then a mathematical model will be proposed to describe the kinetic deformation properties. The presented research work will provide fundamental investigation on the application of soft robots based on MAE type materials.

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Transversely isotropic magnetoactive elastomers: theory and experiments

Cited by 7 publications

References 49 publications

Analysis of an Adaptive Periodic Low-Frequency Wave Filter Featuring Magnetorheological Elastomers

Analysis of an Adaptive Periodic Low-Frequency Wave Filter Featuring Magnetorheological Elastomers

The Modeling of Magnetorheological Elastomers: A State‐of‐the‐Art Review

Deformation properties of novel chain-like structural magneto-active elastomers

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