Transverse electric plasmons in bilayer graphene

Jablan, Marinko; Buljan, Hrvoje; Soljačić, Marin

doi:10.1364/oe.19.011236

Cited by 76 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…We show that TM-polarized plasmons in individual graphene sheets also hybridize to form VPPs with HMM-like properties in the frequency range where the imaginary part of the graphene conductivity significantly exceeds its real part. On the other hand, transverse or TE-polarized graphene plasmons [31,32] behave like LRSPPs in metal-dielectric multilayers, not giving rise to HMM-like behavior.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From surface to volume plasmons in hyperbolic metamaterials: General existence conditions for bulk high-kwaves in metal-dielectric and graphene-dielectric multilayers

et al. 2014

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We theoretically investigate general existence conditions for broadband bulk large-wavevector (high-k) propagating waves (such as volume plasmon polaritons in hyperbolic metamaterials) in subwavelength periodic multilayer structures. Describing the elementary excitation in the unit cell of the structure by a generalized resonance pole of a reflection coefficient, and using Bloch's theorem, we derive analytical expressions for the band of large-wavevector propagating solutions. We apply our formalism to determine the high-k band existence in two important cases: the well-known metal-dielectric, and recently introduced graphene-dielectric stacks. We confirm that short-range surface plasmons in thin metal layers can give rise to hyperbolic metamaterial properties, and demonstrate that long-range surface plasmons cannot. We also show that graphene-dielectric multilayers tend to support high-k waves and explore the range of parameteres for which this is possible, confirming the prospects of using graphene for materials with hyperbolic dispersion. The approach is applicable to a large variety of structures, such as continuous or structured microwave, terahertz (THz) and optical metamaterials.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From surface to volume plasmons in hyperbolic metamaterials: General existence conditions for bulk high-kwaves in metal-dielectric and graphene-dielectric multilayers

et al. 2014

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“…Plasmons in bilayer graphene have also attracted attention 56 and the transverse electric (TE) mode spectrum has recently been obtained 57 . The plasmon dispersion relation of a graphene double-layer, two closely separated graphene sheets, has also been addressed 58,59 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Primer on Surface Plasmon-Polaritons in Graphene

Bludov

Ferreira

Peres

et al. 2013

Int. J. Mod. Phys. B

353

358

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We discuss the properties of surface plasmons-polaritons in graphene and describe three possible ways of coupling electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz (THz) spectral range to this type of surface waves. (i) the attenuated total reflection (ATR) method using a prism in the Otto configuration, (ii) graphene micro-ribbon arrays or monolayers with modulated conductivity, (iii) a metal stripe on top of the graphene layer, and (iv) graphene-based gratings. The text provides a number of original results along with their detailed derivation and discussion.

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“…These experiments pave the way to realize tunable plasmonic devices that are currently being researched and developed including waveguides 14 , nanoantennas 15 , photodetectors 16 , ocsillators 17 , and modulators 18 . From a theoretical standpoint, plasmons have been studied extensively in gated 19 and ungated 20,21 monolayer graphene (MLG) and also in ungated 22 bilayer graphene (BLG). However, not much attention has been given to plasmons in BLG structures in which the bandstructure and, therefore, optical properties can be readily tuned via electrostatic gating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voltage tunable plasmon propagation in dual gated bilayer graphene

Farzaneh

Rakheja

2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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In this paper, we theoretically investigate plasmon propagation characteristics in AB and AA stacked bilayer graphene (BLG) in the presence of energy asymmetry due to an electrostatic field oriented perpendicularly to the plane of the graphene sheet. We first derive the optical conductivity of BLG using the Kubo formalism incorporating energy asymmetry and finite electron scattering. All results are obtained for room temperature (300K) operation. By solving Maxwell's equations in a dual gate device setup, we obtain the wavevector of propagating plasmon modes in the transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) directions at terahertz frequencies. The plasmon wavevector allows us to compare the compression factor, propagation length, and the mode confinement of TE and TM plasmon modes in bilayer and monolayer graphene sheets and also study the impact of material parameters on plasmon characteristics. Our results show that the energy asymmetry can be harnessed to increase the propagation length of TM plasmons in BLG. AA stacked BLG shows a larger increase in propagation length than AB stacked BLG; conversely, it is very insensitive to the Fermi level variations. Additionally, the dual gate structure allows independent modulation of the energy asymmetry and the Fermi level in BLG, which is advantageous for reconfiguring plasmon characteristics post device fabrication.

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Transverse electric plasmons in bilayer graphene

Cited by 76 publications

References 23 publications

From surface to volume plasmons in hyperbolic metamaterials: General existence conditions for bulk high-kwaves in metal-dielectric and graphene-dielectric multilayers

From surface to volume plasmons in hyperbolic metamaterials: General existence conditions for bulk high-kwaves in metal-dielectric and graphene-dielectric multilayers

A Primer on Surface Plasmon-Polaritons in Graphene

Voltage tunable plasmon propagation in dual gated bilayer graphene

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