Transporters and Efflux Pumps Are the Main Mechanisms Involved in Staphylococcus epidermidis Adaptation and Tolerance to Didecyldimethylammonium Chloride

Ribič, Urška; Jakše, Jernej; Toplak, Nataša; Koren, Simon; Kovač, Minka; Klančnik, Anja; Jeršek, Barbara

doi:10.3390/microorganisms8030344

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, these isolates also underwent deletion of regions flanking formate dehydrogenase (SVDEL 56, Supplementary Figure 8B and Supplementary Table 3 ), a key enzyme involved in mitigating oxidative stress damage in conjunction with glycine dehydrogenase ( Alhasawi et al, 2015 ). In addition, we also detected transposon insertion between periplasmic phosphate binding protein PstS and ATP binding protein RbsA (SVINS 76, Supplementary Figure 8A and Supplementary Table 2 ), two significant components of ATP-binding family of transporters involved in virulence traits including biofilm formation ( Zaborina et al, 2008 ), drug efflux ( Ribič et al, 2020 ) and invasion ( Jones, 2005 ) in Class C isolates (with the exception of 1-11B and 2-3G) and Class E isolate 2-7B. Class A, C, and E isolates shared two specific insertions SVINS 10 and 26, Supplementary Figure 8A and Supplementary Table 2 ) adjacent to genes reporting hypothetical functions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elucidating the Role of Virulence Traits in the Survival of Pathogenic E. coli PI-7 Following Disinfection

Sivakumar

Lehmann

Rachmadi

et al. 2020

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Reuse and discharge of treated wastewater can result in dissemination of microorganisms into the environment. Deployment of disinfection strategies is typically proposed as a last stage remediation effort to further inactivate viable microorganisms. In this study, we hypothesize that virulence traits, including biofilm formation, motility, siderophore, and curli production along with the capability to internalize into mammalian cells play a role in survival against disinfectants. Pathogenic E. coli PI-7 strain was used as a model bacterium that was exposed to diverse disinfection strategies such as chlorination, UV and solar irradiation. To this end, we used a random transposon mutagenesis library screening approach to generate 14 mutants that exhibited varying levels of virulence traits. In these 14 isolated mutants, we observed that an increase in virulence traits such as biofilm formation, motility, curli production, and internalization capability, increased the inactivation half-lives of mutants compared to wild-type E. coli PI-7. In addition, oxidative stress response and EPS production contributed to lengthening the lag phase duration (defined as the time required for exposure to disinfectant prior to decay). However, traits related to siderophore production did not help with survival against the tested disinfection strategies. Taken together, the findings suggested that selected virulence traits facilitate survival of pathogenic E. coli PI-7, which in turn could account for the selective enrichment of pathogens over the non-pathogenic ones after wastewater treatment. Further, the study also reflected on the effectiveness of UV as a more viable disinfection strategy for inactivation of pathogens.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%