Transport properties of Ba-doped BiFeO3 multiferroic nanoparticles

Abstract

Multiferroic nanoparticles of Bi 1-x Ba x FeO 3 (BiBaFeO 3 ); (x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.25 mol%) samples were prepared using conventional solid-state method. The nanostructural and transport properties of the prepared samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electrical conductivity. XRD patterns show the formation of BiBaFeO 3 with single-phase rhombohedral-hexagonal structure. The particles sizes were found to be in the range 20-33 nm. SEM micrograph revealed the nanostructure consisting of small, randomly oriented and non-uniform grains. Dc conductivity shows that all samples are semiconductor and the maximum was found at x = 0.15 mol%. This increase of the conductivity can be attributed to the decrease in grain boundary scattering due to the reduction in crystallite size. The calculated activation energy for the multiferroic nanoparticles was found to be 0.413-0.929 eV. The conduction was confirmed to obey non-adiabatic small polaron hopping (SPH). The electron-phonon interaction coefficient (c p ) was calculated and found to be in the range of (12.79-27.21). The hopping carrier mobility varied from 1.85 9 10 -7 cm 2 V -1 s -1 to 8.01 9 10 -13 cm 2 V -1 s -1 at 418 K. The conductivity was primarily determined by hopping carrier mobility.

Dielectric, electrical and spectroscopic properties of barium borates of low WO3 content

“…and W 6? , so that conduction can take place by transfer of electrons from low to high valence ions. The charge transport in these glasses is usually considered in terms of the small-polaron hopping theory [56,57]. Figure 5 shows that the conductivity of the studied glasses W3,W5 and W9 increases with increasing WO 3 , which is consistent with the published data [15].…”

Photoelectrocatalytic Materials for Solar Water Splitting

“…Hematite (Fe 2 O 3 ) is another typical non‐PV‐grade material with narrow band gap (2.2 eV), which is favorable for wide spectrum usage. On the other hand, they also bring some disadvantages, such as low carrier mobility, short lifetime and high density of surface states, hindering the efficient charge separation and transport . The sluggish kinetics for water oxidation on their surface caused an increased interfacial recombination and concomitant loss of photocurrent density and efficiency .…”

Influence of BaO Doping on the Structural, Ac Conductivity, and Dielectric Properties of BiFeO3 Multiferroic Nanoparticles

“…The considerable oxygen vacancies amount formed as a result of the extremely Bi volatile aspect together with the several Fe valance states (Fe 2+ and d Fe 3+ ) cause the material to lose its ferroelectric properties due to a high leakage current [9]. The high leakage current is a large barrier in applications of BiFeO3 [10].…”